ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2011
Diurnal variations in arousal: a naturalistic heart rate study in children with ADHD.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Is hyperactivity ubiquitous in ADHD or dependent on environmental demands? Evidence from meta-analysis.Clinical psychology review · 2016Pooled it
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- Unlocking the potential of wearable technology: Fitbit-derived measures for predicting ADHD in adolescents.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exploring the Gut-brain Axis: Microbiome Contributions to Pathophysiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.Current drug metabolism · 2025Review
- Exploring an objective measure of overactivity in children with rare genetic syndromes.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Clock Genes Profiles as Diagnostic Tool in (Childhood) ADHD-A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- The Association between Low Blood Pressure and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Observed in Children/Adolescents Does Not Persist into Young Adulthood. A Population-Based Ten-Year Follow-Up Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- An open-source, wireless vest for measuring autonomic function in infants.Behavior research methods · 2020Article
- Fuzzy Protoform for Hyperactive Behaviour Detection Based on Commercial Devices.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- A Pilot Study on Circadian Activity Rhythm in Pediatric Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Clocks & sleep · 2019Article
- Sleep Disturbances in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Disorders: A Review of the Variability of Objective Sleep Markers.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Identification of biotypes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, a report from a randomized, controlled trial.Personalized medicine in psychiatry · 2017Article
- Hyperactivity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Impairing Deficit or Compensatory Behavior?Journal of abnormal child psychology · 2015Article
- Cardiovascular safety of stimulants in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2014Article
- One problem is the risk of the next: a vote for early detection and preventive intervention of coexisting psychopathology.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2012Article
- Physical comorbidity in mental illness in paediatric population: need for an integrated health care approach to paediatrics and child psychiatry.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies suggest an altered circadian regulation of arousal in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as measured by activity, circadian preference, and sleep-wake patterns. Although heart rate is an important measure to evaluate arousal profiles, to date it is unknown whether 24-h heart rate patterns differentiate between children with and without ADHD. In this study, 24-h heart rate data were collected in 30 non-medicated children with ADHD (aged 6-11) and 30 sex-, class-, and age-matched normal controls in their naturalistic home and school setting, during 5 days. Simultaneously, 24-h activity patterns were registered. Confounding effects of demographic variables (e.g., age, sex, BMI, pubertal stage) and comorbid internalizing and externalizing problems on heart rate levels were additionally assessed. Longitudinal analysis showed that heart rate levels were overall higher in the ADHD group (p < 0.01)--with the largest effects during afternoon and night--in a model controlling for age. Other factors did not significantly contribute to variations in heart rate levels. Compared to controls, children with ADHD showed higher activity levels during daytime (especially early afternoon), but not during nighttime (p < 0.05). Post hoc analyses showed that environmental effects might influence daytime variations. Findings suggest an autonomic imbalance in children with ADHD as compared to controls, with higher heart rate levels in the ADHD group. Nighttime tachycardia in this group could not be explained by nighttime activity levels or comorbid externalizing/internalizing problems. Further research on autonomic functioning in ADHD is recommended because of the major impact of higher resting heart rate on health outcomes.
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Registered trials
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