ArticlePloS one2011
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and gastrointestinal bleeding: a case-control study.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding by specific SSRIs and SNRIs: A systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Guidelines on optimizing the use of proton pump inhibitors: PPI stewardship.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2023Guideline
- Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding with Concurrent Use of NSAID and SSRI: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Are drug-related dental management cautions in Lexicomp Online for Dentistry evidence-based? A systematic review of the literature.Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) · 2019Pooled it
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and bleeding risk in patients undergoing PCI on dual antiplatelet therapy: a retrospective cohort study.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Observational
- Clinical Implications of Antidepressants and Associated Risk of Bleeding: A Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Risk of Bleeding Associated With Antidepressants: Impact of Causality Assessment and Competition Bias on Signal Detection.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Only full adherence to proton pump inhibitors protects against drug-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Article
- Article
- Management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in older adults.Drugs & aging · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been associated with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Given their worldwide use, even small risks account for a large number of cases. This study has been conducted with carefully collected information to further investigate the relationship between SSRIs and upper GI bleeding.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study in hospitals in Spain and in Italy. Cases were patients aged ≥18 years with a primary diagnosis of acute upper GI bleeding diagnosed by endoscopy; three controls were matched by sex, age, date of admission (within 3 months) and hospital among patients who were admitted for elective surgery for non-painful disorders. Exposures to SSRIs, other antidepressants and other drugs were defined as any use of these drugs in the 7 days before the day on which upper gastrointestinal bleeding started (index day).
results581 cases of upper GI bleeding and 1358 controls were considered eligible for the study; no differences in age or sex distribution were observed between cases and controls after matching. Overall, 4.0% of the cases and 3.3% of controls used an SSRI antidepressant in the week before the index day. No significant risk of upper GI bleeding was encountered for SSRI antidepressants (adjusted odds ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 0.57-1.96) or for whichever other grouping of antidepressants.
conclusionsThe results of this case-control study showed no significant increase in upper GI bleeding with SSRIs and provide good evidence that the magnitude of any increase in risk is not greater than 2.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.