Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21620914›Full record

ArticlePeptides2011

Virucidal activity of a scorpion venom peptide variant mucroporin-M1 against measles, SARS-CoV and influenza H5N1 viruses.

Qiaoli Li, Zhenhuan Zhao, Dihan Zhou, Yaoqing Chen, Wei Hong, Luyang Cao, Jingyi Yang, Yan Zhang, Wei Shi, Zhijian Cao and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Peptides, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Scorpion Peptides in Antiviral Drug Discovery: An In-depth Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Synthetic host defense peptide inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replicationAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Characterization ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Advancements in the development of antivirals against SARS-Coronavirus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Qiaoli LiState Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.
Zhenhuan Zhao
Dihan Zhou
Yaoqing Chen
Wei Hong
Luyang Cao
Jingyi Yang
Yan Zhang
Wei Shi
Zhijian Cao
Yingliang Wu
Huimin Yan
Wenxin Li
Wuhan University · CNWuhan Institute of Virology · CNChinese Academy of Sciences · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Outbreaks of SARS-CoV, influenza A (H5N1, H1N1) and measles viruses in recent years have raised serious concerns about the measures available to control emerging and re-emerging infectious viral diseases. Effective antiviral agents are lacking that specifically target RNA viruses such as measles, SARS-CoV and influenza H5N1 viruses, and available vaccinations have demonstrated variable efficacy. Therefore, the development of novel antiviral agents is needed to close the vaccination gap and silence outbreaks. We previously identified mucroporin, a cationic host defense peptide from scorpion venom, which can effectively inhibit standard bacteria. The optimized mucroporin-M1 can inhibit gram-positive bacteria at low concentrations and antibiotic-resistant pathogens. In this investigation, we further tested mucroporin and the optimized mucroporin-M1 for their antiviral activity. Surprisingly, we found that the antiviral activities of mucroporin-M1 against measles, SARS-CoV and influenza H5N1 viruses were notably increased with an EC₅₀ of 7.15 μg/ml (3.52 μM) and a CC₅₀ of 70.46 μg/ml (34.70 μM) against measles virus, an EC₅₀ of 14.46 μg/ml (7.12 μM) against SARS-CoV and an EC₅₀ of 2.10 μg/ml (1.03 μM) against H5N1, while the original peptide mucroporin showed no antiviral activity against any of these three viruses. The inhibition model could be via a direct interaction with the virus envelope, thereby decreasing the infectivity of virus. This report provides evidence that host defense peptides from scorpion venom can be modified for antiviral activity by rational design and represents a practical approach for developing broad-spectrum antiviral agents, especially against RNA viruses.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesAntiviral AgentsCell LineDogsDrug DesignHumansInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanInhibitory Concentration 50MeaslesMolecular Sequence DataMorbillivirusPandemicsProtein BindingAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesAntiviral AgentsScorpion VenomsViral Envelope Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21620914
PMCPMC7115635
OpenAlexW2095423661

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.