Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21620625›Full record

ArticleJournal of vascular surgery2011

Serum metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9, and metalloproteinase tissue inhibitors in patients are associated with arteriovenous fistula maturation.

Eugene S Lee, Qiang Shen, Robert L Pitts, Mingzhang Guo, Mack H Wu, Sue C Sun, Sarah Y Yuan

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of vascular surgery, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Human Data First: New Biological Premises for Arteriovenous Fistula Research.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026
    Review
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  11. Superior mechanical recovery in male and female MRL/MpJ tendons is associated with a unique genetic profile.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eugene S LeeDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. eugenes.Lee@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
Qiang Shen
Robert L Pitts
Mingzhang Guo
Mack H Wu
Sue C Sun
Sarah Y Yuan
University of California, Davis · USUniversity of California Davis Medical Center · US

Funding

Microvascular Barrier Dysfunction in Thermal TraumaR01HL070752 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI YUAN, SARAH Y · 2002 to 2018
$4.7M
NEUTROPHIL DEPENDENT REGULATION OF VENULAR PERMEABILITYR01HL061507 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI YUAN, SARAH Y · 1999 to 2011
$3.4M
Disintegrin Metalloprotease and Endothelial PermeabilityR01GM097270 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI YUAN, SARAH Y · 2011 to 2020
$2.3M
Microvascular Permeability and Matrix Fibrinogen Degradation in TraumaR01HL096640 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI WU, MACK H · 2009 to 2013
$1.9M
NHLBI NIH HHS HL061507NHLBI NIH HHS HL070752NHLBI NIH HHS HL096640NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL061507NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL070752NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL096640NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM097270
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveMany vascular surgeons construct arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) for hemodialysis access as the primary choice access. A significant number of AVFs fail to mature, however, leading to patient frustration and repeated operations. Metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, may be important for AVF maturation. We therefore sought to identify whether serum MMP levels could serve as a biomarker for predicting future successful AVF maturation.

methodsBlood was collected from patients with chronic renal insufficiency at the time of surgery for long-term hemodialysis access. Serum was separated from whole blood and ultracentrifuged at 1000g for 10 minutes. Serum aliquots were frozen at -80°C until used for analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assay levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 2 (TIMP-2), and TIMP type 4 (TIMP-4). Clinical end points were used to divide patients into failed and matured AVF groups. Successful maturation was considered in patients who had specific duplex findings or 1 month of successful two-needle cannulation hemodialysis. MMP/TIMP ratios were calculated as an index of the MMP axis activity because MMP activity parallels alterations in TIMP levels.

resultsOf 20 enrolled patients, AVF maturation was successful in 13 and failed in 7. Serum levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 were significantly higher in patients with matured AVFs vs levels in those that failed (P = .003). Similarly, a trend toward increased serum levels of MMP-9/TIMP-4 was found in patients with successful AVF (P = .06).

conclusionsMMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels were different among patients whose AVF matured vs those who did not. Further follow-up studies to determine the predictability of AVF maturation using relative patient serum levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 should be performed.

Indexed as

Arteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalRenal DialysisAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersCaliforniaChi-Square DistributionEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayHumansMatrix Metalloproteinase 2Matrix Metalloproteinase 9Middle AgedProspective StudiesRenal Insufficiency, ChronicTime FactorsTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2BiomarkersMatrix Metalloproteinase 2Matrix Metalloproteinase 9MMP2 protein, humanTIMP2 protein, humanTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases

Identifiers

PMID21620625
PMCPMC3171276
OpenAlexW1997119192

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.