ReviewDifferentiation; research in biological diversity
Androgens and estrogens in benign prostatic hyperplasia: past, present and future.
Review in Differentiation; research in biological diversity. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
154 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 324 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of gestational duration and spontaneous preterm birth identifies new maternal risk loci.PLoS genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of candidate gene association studies of benign prostate hyperplasia.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Immune Cell Proinflammatory Microenvironment and Androgen-Related Metabolic Regulation During Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Aging.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Physical activity for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- A two-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Viola odorata, Echium amoenum and Physalis alkekengi mixture in symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) men.Pharmaceutical biology · 2017Trial
- Effects of Transdermal Testosterone Gel or an Aromatase Inhibitor on Prostate Volume in Older Men.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Trial
- Article
- Exercise and Physical Activity as Modifiable Risk Factors for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An Update.Current urology reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Advances in 3D culture systems for maintaining prostate tissue architecture and functional ex vivo prostate organ culture for biomedical applications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- The interplay of bosentan and finerenone in amelioration of cardiac dysfunction within benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Potential Health Benefits of Bee Bread from Stingless Bees on Reproductive Health: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- SRD5A2 and emerging therapies in androgen-driven disorders.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- miR-16-5p mediates E2-induced cell proliferation and EMT in benign prostate hyperplasia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Inflammaging: Immune-Metabolic Crosstalk Between the Prostate-Testis and Musculoskeletal System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Estrogen regulation in the prostate underlies racial disparity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.The Journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Investigating the impact of gut microbiota-derived metabolites on benign prostatic hyperplasia using network pharmacology approaches.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common clinical problems in urology. While the precise molecular etiology remains unclear, sex steroids have been implicated in the development and maintenance of BPH. Sufficient data exists linking androgens and androgen receptor pathways to BPH and use of androgen reducing compounds, such as 5α-reductase inhibitors which block the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone, are a component of the standard of care for men with LUTS attributed to an enlarged prostate. However, BPH is a multifactorial disease and not all men respond well to currently available treatments, suggesting factors other than androgens are involved. Testosterone, the primary circulating androgen in men, can also be metabolized via CYP19/aromatase into the potent estrogen, estradiol-17β. The prostate is an estrogen target tissue and estrogens directly and indirectly affect growth and differentiation of prostate. The precise role of endogenous and exogenous estrogens in directly affecting prostate growth and differentiation in the context of BPH is an understudied area. Estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been shown to promote or inhibit prostate proliferation signifying potential roles in BPH. Recent research has demonstrated that estrogen receptor signaling pathways may be important in the development and maintenance of BPH and LUTS; however, new models are needed to genetically dissect estrogen regulated molecular mechanisms involved in BPH. More work is needed to identify estrogens and associated signaling pathways in BPH in order to target BPH with dietary and therapeutic SERMs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.