ArticleNature2011
Induction of human neuronal cells by defined transcription factors.
Article in Nature, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02980302 (Development of the Tool " iPSC "), which is not on this map. Cited by 735 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Development of the Tool " iPSC " (Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells) for the Functional Study of Mutations Responsible for Mental Retardation - Application to Familial Study of MYT1L Gene Mutations
Who cites it
735 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,262 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Stem Cell Therapy for Huntington's Disease: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Cells · 2025Pooled it
- Direct Conversion of Fibroblast into Neurons for Alzheimer's Disease Research: A Systematic Review.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Pooled it
- Direct neuronal reprogramming: emerging therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Modeling human neurodegeneration with iPSCs: opportunities, limitations, and the challenge of aging.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Directing GABAergic neuronal identity from human iPSCs through developmental patterning.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Potentiated Maturation of hPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons via Convergent Genetic and Small Molecule Modulation.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2026Article
- CRISPR-associated enzymes are mislocalized to the cytoplasm in iPSC-derived neurons, resulting in KRAB(KOX1)-specific degradation.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Induction of human pruriceptors from pluripotent stem cells via transcription factors.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Lysosomes and lysosomal dysfunction in ageing biology.Nature cell biology · 2026Review
- Massively parallel characterization and predictive modelling of neuronal regulatory variation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Optimizing NGN2 Dosage Enhances the Neuronal Enrichment of iPSC-Derived Neuronal Cultures.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- HDDF2-A Novel Patient-Derived Fibroblast Line from Huntington's Disease with Prominent Cellular Senescence and polyQ Pathology.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- STIMscope: centimeter-scale all-optical imaging and patterned optogenetic manipulation at single-cell resolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Mettl3 promotes reprogramming and axonogenesis of induced retinal ganglion cells.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Lipid membrane remodeling by myristic acid treatment reverses Parkinson's disease α-synuclein phenotypes in patient neurons.npj metabolic health and disease · 2026Article
- Sphingolipid-neutralizing molecular therapy reduces psychosine cytotoxicity in Krabbe disease.iScience · 2026Article
- ASCL1 promotes nuclear shrinkage in transdifferentiation by suppressing NUP37.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Reprogramming of neuronal genome function and phenotype by astrocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identification of Skin Multicellular Reprogramming Factors as Potential Treatment for Nonhealing Diabetic Foot Ulcers.Advances in wound care · 2026Article
675 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, or expression of lineage-specific factors have been shown to induce cell-fate changes in diverse somatic cell types. We recently observed that forced expression of a combination of three transcription factors, Brn2 (also known as Pou3f2), Ascl1 and Myt1l, can efficiently convert mouse fibroblasts into functional induced neuronal (iN) cells. Here we show that the same three factors can generate functional neurons from human pluripotent stem cells as early as 6 days after transgene activation. When combined with the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor NeuroD1, these factors could also convert fetal and postnatal human fibroblasts into iN cells showing typical neuronal morphologies and expressing multiple neuronal markers, even after downregulation of the exogenous transcription factors. Importantly, the vast majority of human iN cells were able to generate action potentials and many matured to receive synaptic contacts when co-cultured with primary mouse cortical neurons. Our data demonstrate that non-neural human somatic cells, as well as pluripotent stem cells, can be converted directly into neurons by lineage-determining transcription factors. These methods may facilitate robust generation of patient-specific human neurons for in vitro disease modelling or future applications in regenerative medicine.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.