Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21617155›Full record

ArticleGenome research2011

Discovery and assessment of conserved Pax6 target genes and enhancers.

Pedro Coutinho, Sofia Pavlou, Shipra Bhatia, Kevin J Chalmers, Dirk A Kleinjan, Veronica van Heyningen

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Pedro CoutinhoMedical Research Council (MRC) Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK. p.coutinho@hgu.mrc.ac.uk
Sofia Pavlou
Shipra Bhatia
Kevin J Chalmers
Dirk A Kleinjan
Veronica van Heyningen
Western General Hospital · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_U127527199Medical Research Council MC_U127527199
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The characterization of transcriptional networks (TNs) is essential for understanding complex biological phenomena such as development, disease, and evolution. In this study, we have designed and implemented a procedure that combines in silico target screens with zebrafish and mouse validation, in order to identify cis-elements and genes directly regulated by Pax6. We chose Pax6 as the paradigm because of its crucial roles in organogenesis and human disease. We identified over 600 putative Pax6 binding sites and more than 200 predicted direct target genes, conserved in evolution from zebrafish to human and to mouse. This was accomplished using hidden Markov models (HMMs) generated from experimentally validated Pax6 binding sites. A small sample of genes, expressed in the neural lineage, was chosen from the predictions for RNA in situ validation using zebrafish and mouse models. Validation of DNA binding to some predicted cis-elements was also carried out using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and zebrafish reporter transgenic studies. The results show that this combined procedure is a highly efficient tool to investigate the architecture of TNs and constitutes a useful complementary resource to ChIP and expression data sets because of its inherent spatiotemporal independence. We have identified several novel direct targets, including some putative disease genes, among them Foxp2; these will allow further dissection of Pax6 function in development and disease.

Indexed as

Enhancer Elements, GeneticAnimalsBinding SitesCell LineageChromatin ImmunoprecipitationConserved SequenceEmbryonic DevelopmentEye ProteinsGene Knockdown TechniquesGenes, ReporterHomeodomain ProteinsHumansMarkov ChainsMiceMice, KnockoutNeuronsEye ProteinsHomeodomain ProteinsPaired Box Transcription FactorsPAX6 protein, humanPax6 protein, mousePAX6 Transcription FactorRepressor Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21617155
PMCPMC3149501
OpenAlexW2156328387

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.