Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21615971›Full record

ArticleRespiratory research2011

Exacerbation of cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B in mice.

Wouter Huvenne, Ellen A Lanckacker, Olga Krysko, Ken R Bracke, Tine Demoor, Peter W Hellings, Guy G Brusselle, Guy F Joos, Claus Bachert, Tania Maes

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Respiratory research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Animal models of emphysema.Chinese medical journal · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Wouter HuvenneUpper Airways Research Laboratory (URL), ENT Department, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Ellen A Lanckacker
Olga Krysko
Ken R Bracke
Tine Demoor
Peter W Hellings
Guy G Brusselle
Guy F Joos
Claus Bachert
Tania Maes
Ghent University Hospital · BEKU Leuven · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCigarette smoke (CS) is a major risk factor for the development of COPD. CS exposure is associated with an increased risk of bacterial colonization and respiratory tract infection, because of suppressed antibacterial activities of the immune system and delayed clearance of microbial agents from the lungs. Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus results in release of virulent enterotoxins, with superantigen activity which causes T cell activation.

objectiveTo study the effect of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) on CS-induced inflammation, in a mouse model of COPD.

methodsC57/Bl6 mice were exposed to CS or air for 4 weeks (5 cigarettes/exposure, 4x/day, 5 days/week). Endonasal SEB (10 μg/ml) or saline was concomitantly applied starting from week 3, on alternate days. 24 h after the last CS and SEB exposure, mice were sacrificed and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue were collected.

resultsCombined exposure to CS and SEB resulted in a raised number of lymphocytes and neutrophils in BAL, as well as increased numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes and granulocytes in lung tissue, compared to sole CS or SEB exposure. Moreover, concomitant CS/SEB exposure induced both IL-13 mRNA expression in lungs and goblet cell hyperplasia in the airway wall. In addition, combined CS/SEB exposure stimulated the formation of dense, organized aggregates of B- and T- lymphocytes in lungs, as well as significant higher CXCL-13 (protein, mRNA) and CCL19 (mRNA) levels in lungs.

conclusionsCombined CS and SEB exposure aggravates CS-induced inflammation in mice, suggesting that Staphylococcus aureus could influence the pathogenesis of COPD.

Indexed as

EnterotoxinsAnimalsBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidChemokine CCL19Chemokine CXCL13Chemotaxis, LeukocyteDisease Models, AnimalGoblet CellsHyperplasiaImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin MInterleukin-13Interleukin-17LungLymphocytesMaleCcl19 protein, mouseChemokine CCL19Chemokine CXCL13Cxcl13 protein, mouseenterotoxin B, staphylococcalEnterotoxinsImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin MInterleukin-13Interleukin-17RNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID21615971
PMCPMC3125222
OpenAlexW2075328481

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.