ReviewActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2011
An overview of racial disparities in preterm birth rates: caused by infection or inflammatory response?
Review in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the role of neighborhood deprivation in psychotic disorders.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between race/skin color and premature birth: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Revista de saude publica · 2018Pooled it
- The phenotype of spontaneous preterm birth: application of a clinical phenotyping tool.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Trial
- Prenatal chronic inflammation and children's executive function development.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2025Article
- Clinical and dental predictors of preterm birth using machine learning methods: the MOHEPI study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Associations between maternal syphilis infection during pregnancy and low birth weight and preterm birth: a prospective cohort study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- Exploring causal mechanisms of psychosis risk.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Review
- Racial and ethnic differences in the risk of recurrent preterm or small for gestational age births in the United States: a systematic review and stratified analysis.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2024Review
- Urinary phenol and paraben concentrations in association with markers of inflammation during pregnancy in Puerto Rico.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Review of Major Social Determinants of Health in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Psychotic Disorders: III. Biology.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Deleterious and Protective Psychosocial and Stress-Related Factors Predict Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth.American journal of perinatology · 2023Article
- Observational
- Toward a new taxonomy of obstetrical disease: improved performance of maternal blood biomarkers for the great obstetrical syndromes when classified according to placental pathology.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- Mindfulness in Pregnancy: A Brief Intervention for Women at Risk.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Article
- The Inflammatory Milieu of Amniotic Fluid Increases with Chorio-Deciduitis Grade in Inflammation-Restricted to Choriodecidua, but Not Amnionitis, of Extra-Placental Membranes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- From Womb to Neighborhood: A Racial Analysis of Social Determinants of Psychosis in the United States.The American journal of psychiatry · 2021Review
- Using Clinical History Factors to Identify Bacterial Infections in Young Febrile Infants.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Predictive value of cervical length by ultrasound and cervical strain elastography in labor induction at term.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Observational
- The Role of Innate Immune System in the Human Amniotic Membrane and Human Amniotic Fluid in Protection Against Intra-Amniotic Infections and Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Comparative risks and predictors of preeclamptic pregnancy in the Eastern, Western and developing world.Biochemical pharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infection has been hypothesized to be one of the factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and with the racial disparity in rates of PTB between African American and Caucasian women. However, recent findings refute the generalizability of the role of infection and inflammation. African Americans have an increased incidence of PTB in the setting of intraamniotic infection, periodontal disease, and bacterial vaginosis compared to Caucasians. Herein we report variability in infection- and inflammation-related factors based on race/ethnicity. For African American women, an imbalance in the host proinflammatory response seems to contribute to infection-associated PTB, as evidenced by a greater presence of inflammatory mediators with limited or reduced presence of immune balancing factors. This may be attributed to differences in the genetic variants associated with PTB between African Americans and Caucasians. We argue that infection may not be a cause of racial disparity but in association with other risk factors such as stress, nutritional deficiency, and differences in genetic variations in PTB, pathways and their complex interactions may produce differential inflammatory responses that may contribute to racial disparity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.