Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21613624›Full record

ArticleScience translational medicine2011

Indocyanine green enables near-infrared fluorescence imaging of lipid-rich, inflamed atherosclerotic plaques.

Claudio Vinegoni, Ion Botnaru, Elena Aikawa, Marcella A Calfon, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Eduardo J Folco, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Ralph Weissleder, Peter Libby, Farouc A Jaffer

3 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science translational medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
110citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01873716 phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Uptake in Human Carotid Artery Plaque -- A Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorMassachusetts General HospitalRan2013 to 2016Enrolled5ConditionsAtherosclerosis, Atherosclerotic Plaque, Carotid StenosisArmsIndocyanine green
NCT07315828 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective Study on the Accuracy of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging for the Visualization of Residual Lesions in the Tumor Cavity During Surgery for Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

TypeinterventionalSponsorShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalRan2026 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsGiant Cell Tumor of BoneArmsIndocyanine Green
NCT07315841 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective Study Evaluating the Accuracy of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in Detecting Lesions During Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor Surgery

TypeinterventionalSponsorShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalRan2026 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsTenosynovial Giant Cell TumorArmsIndocyanine Green
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 215 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Molecular fluorophores for in vivo bioimaging in the second near-infrared window.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022
    Pooled it
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  10. Development of a Novel Murine Model of In-Stent Neoatherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025
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50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Claudio VinegoniCenter for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Ion Botnaru
Elena Aikawa
Marcella A Calfon
Yoshiko Iwamoto
Eduardo J Folco
Vasilis Ntziachristos
Ralph Weissleder
Peter Libby
Farouc A Jaffer
Massachusetts General Hospital · USCenter for Systems Biology · US

Funding

Visualzing Lymphocyte Attack on Pancreas B CellsP01AI054904 · NIAID · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · PI MATHIS, DIANE J · 2003 to 2013
$16.0M
Translational Program of Excellence in NanotechnologyU01HL080731 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WEISSLEDER, MD, PHD, RALPH · 2005 to 2009
$14.9M
Integrated FMT approaches for biomolecular measurementsR01EB006432 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WEISSLEDER, MD, PHD, RALPH · 2006 to 2013
$3.0M
Intravascular Fluorescence Molecular Imaging of Inflammation in AtherosclerosisR01HL108229 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI JAFFER, FAROUC AMIN · 2010 to 2014
$2.1M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL108229NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL080731NIAID NIH HHS P01-AI054904NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB006432NIBIB NIH HHS R01-EB006432
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

New high-resolution molecular and structural imaging strategies are needed to visualize high-risk plaques that are likely to cause acute myocardial infarction, because current diagnostic methods do not reliably identify at-risk subjects. Although molecular imaging agents are available for low-resolution detection of atherosclerosis in large arteries, a lack of imaging agents coupled to high-resolution modalities has limited molecular imaging of atherosclerosis in the smaller coronary arteries. Here, we have demonstrated that indocyanine green (ICG), a Food and Drug Administration-approved near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF)-emitting compound, targets atheromas within 20 min of injection and provides sufficient signal enhancement for in vivo detection of lipid-rich, inflamed, coronary-sized plaques in atherosclerotic rabbits. In vivo NIRF sensing was achieved with an intravascular wire in the aorta, a vessel of comparable caliber to human coronary arteries. Ex vivo fluorescence reflectance imaging showed high plaque target-to-background ratios in atheroma-bearing rabbits injected with ICG compared to atheroma-bearing rabbits injected with saline. In vitro studies using human macrophages established that ICG preferentially targets lipid-loaded macrophages. In an early clinical study of human atheroma specimens from four patients, we found that ICG colocalized with plaque macrophages and lipids. The atheroma-targeting capability of ICG has the potential to accelerate the clinical development of NIRF molecular imaging of high-risk plaques in humans.

Indexed as

Indocyanine GreenAcetylationAnimalsArteriesCapillary PermeabilityCattleDiagnostic ImagingEndocytosisFluorescenceHumansInflammationLipidsLipoproteins, LDLMacrophagesPlaque, AtheroscleroticRabbitsIndocyanine GreenLipidsLipoproteins, LDLSerum Albumin, Bovine

Identifiers

PMID21613624
PMCPMC3112179
OpenAlexW2058725029

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.