ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2011
Dietary calcium intake and risk of fracture and osteoporosis: prospective longitudinal cohort study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.
- Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of vitamin D, calcium, or combined supplementation on fall prevention: a systematic review and updated network meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Calcium intake and risk of fracture: systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Effect of coffee intake on hip fracture: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Nutrition journal · 2015Pooled it
- Influence of endurance and endurance-strength training on mineral status in women with abdominal obesity: a randomized trial.Medicine · 2019Trial
- Decreased bone mineral density in women with Sheehan's syndrome and improvement following oestrogen replacement and nutritional supplementation.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2019Trial
- Efficacy of a workplace osteoporosis prevention intervention: a cluster randomized trial.BMC public health · 2016Trial
- The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2013Trial
- A cluster-randomised, controlled trial to assess the impact of a workplace osteoporosis prevention intervention on the dietary and physical activity behaviours of working women: study protocol.BMC public health · 2013Trial
- The Effects of Calcium and Glutamine Co-supplementation on Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Young Female Athletes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- The interrelationship between calcium-phosphorus homeostasis and bone remodelling. Impact of dietary changes on bone in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The association between ten anthropometric measures and osteoporosis and osteopenia among postmenopausal women.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prebiotics as modulators of colonic calcium and magnesium uptake.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Vitamin D and/or calcium to prevent fractures and falls: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Prevalence of osteoporosis and associated factors among people aged 50 years and older in the Madhesh province of Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Nutrient Composition of Four Dietary Patterns in Italy: Results from an Online Survey (the INVITA Study).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Linking the relationship between dietary folic acid intake and risk of osteoporosis among middle-aged and older people: A nationwide population-based study.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- The multi-faceted nature of age-associated osteoporosis.Bone reports · 2024Review
- Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Associations of healthy eating index-2015 with osteoporosis and low bone mass density in postmenopausal women: a population-based study from NHANES 2007-2018.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate associations between long term dietary intake of calcium and risk of fracture of any type, hip fractures, and osteoporosis.
designA longitudinal and prospective cohort study, based on the Swedish Mammography Cohort, including a subcohort, the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical.
settingA population based cohort in Sweden established in 1987.
participants61,433 women (born between 1914 and 1948) were followed up for 19 years. 5022 of these women participated in the subcohort.
main outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures were incident fractures of any type and hip fractures, which were identified from registry data. Secondary outcome was osteoporosis diagnosed by dual energy x ray absorptiometry in the subcohort. Diet was assessed by repeated food frequency questionnaires.
resultsDuring follow-up, 14,738 women (24%) experienced a first fracture of any type and among them 3871 (6%) a first hip fracture. Of the 5022 women in the subcohort, 1012 (20%) were measured as osteoporotic. The risk patterns with dietary calcium were non-linear. The crude rate of a first fracture of any type was 17.2/1000 person years at risk in the lowest quintile of calcium intake, and 14.0/1000 person years at risk in the third quintile, corresponding to a multivariable adjusted hazard ratio of 1.18 (95% confidence interval 1.12 to 1.25). The hazard ratio for a first hip fracture was 1.29 (1.17 to 1.43) and the odds ratio for osteoporosis was 1.47 (1.09 to 2.00). With a low vitamin D intake, the rate of fracture in the first calcium quintile was more pronounced. The highest quintile of calcium intake did not further reduce the risk of fractures of any type, or of osteoporosis, but was associated with a higher rate of hip fracture, hazard ratio 1.19 (1.06 to 1.32).
conclusionGradual increases in dietary calcium intake above the first quintile in our female population were not associated with further reductions in fracture risk or osteoporosis.
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