ArticleMolecular cancer2011
Homeobox gene Rhox5 is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms in cancer and stem cells and promotes cancer growth.
Article in Molecular cancer, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- RHOX Homeobox Transcription Factor Regulation ofCells · 2025Article
- Characterization of an orthotopic mouse transplant model reveals early changes in the tumor microenvironment of lung cancer.BMB reports · 2024Article
- Assessment of spatial transcriptomics for oncology discovery.Cell reports methods · 2022Article
- Bivalent Regulation and Related Mechanisms of H3K4/27/9me3 in Stem Cells.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2022Review
- A stem cell marker KLF5 regulates CCAT1 via three-dimensional genome structure in colorectal cancer cells.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Epigenetic modulation of antitumor immunity for improved cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2021Review
- Rational combination of oncolytic vaccinia virus and PD-L1 blockade works synergistically to enhance therapeutic efficacy.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Xist-dependent imprinted X inactivation and the early developmental consequences of its failure.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2017Article
- Identification of Novel HLA-A*24:02-Restricted Epitope Derived from a Homeobox Protein Expressed in Hematological Malignancies.PloS one · 2016Article
- The role of Rhox homeobox factors in tumorigenesis.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2013Review
- Life after death: targeting high mobility group box 1 in emergent cancer therapies.American journal of cancer research · 2013Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHomeobox genes murine Rhox5 and human RHOXF1 are expressed in early embryonic stages and then mostly restricted to germline tissues in normal adult, yet they are aberrantly expressed in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo . Here we study the epigenetic regulation and potential functions of Rhox5 gene.
findingsIn Rhox5-silenced or extremely low expresser cells, we observed low levels of active histone epigenetic marks (H3ac, H4ac and H3K4me2) and high levels of repressive mark H3K9me2 along with DNA hypermethylation in the promoter. In Rhox5 low expresser cells, we typically observed modest levels of both active and repressive histone marks along with moderate DNA methylation. In Rhox5 highly expressed CT26 cancer cells, we observed DNA hypomethylation along with high levels of both active and repressive histone marks. Epigenetic drugs (retinoic acid and MS-275) induced F9 cell differentiation with enhanced Rhox5 expression and dynamic changes of epigenetic marks. Finally, Rhox5 knockdown by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) in CT26 colon cancer decreased cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo .
conclusionsBoth DNA methylation and histone methylation/acetylation play key roles in modulating Rhox5 expression in various cell types. The stem cell-like "bivalent domain", an epigenetic feature originally identified in key differentiation genes within stem cells, exists in the Rhox5 gene promoter in not only embryonic stem cells but also cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and differentiated Sertoli cells. As Ras signaling-dependent Rhox5 expression promotes tumor growth, Rhox5 may be an ideal target for therapeutic intervention in cancer.
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