ReviewMalaria journal2011
Quinine, an old anti-malarial drug in a modern world: role in the treatment of malaria.
Review in Malaria journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 316 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
316 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 959 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Brazilian flora as the main source of new antimalarials: a systematic review.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Pooled it
- Pregnancy outcomes after first-trimester treatment with artemisinin derivatives versus non-artemisinin antimalarials: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Medicinal Plant Extracts and Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Extracorporeal Treatment for Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, and Quinine Poisoning: Systematic Review and Recommendations from the EXTRIP Workgroup.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2020Pooled it
- First-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single and multiple ascending doses clinical study to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of cipargamin administered intravenously in healthy adults.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Thiolactomycin-based morpholino and piperidino conjugates: synthesis, antimalarial evaluation, and PResearch in pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- Rhomboid Proteases in Plasmodium spp. : Biology, Functional Roles, and Therapeutic Potential.Acta parasitologica · 2026Review
- Evaporation-free Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Internal Standard Correction-Solvent Suppression-Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for Chiral Separation and Quantification of Quinine.Journal of separation science · 2026Article
- The silent storm: Quinine-induced Torsade de Pointes unmasking a latent KCNH2 variant.Global cardiology science & practice · 2026Article
- Alkaloids as Emerging Neuroprotective Agents for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Insights into Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- New paradigm of q-CAR drug development targeting disease-specific protein conformations.npj drug discovery · 2026Review
- Structural evolution of quinine derivatives for enhanced antifungal potency: key modifications and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Identification of genetic markers of quinine partial resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Plant-Based Therapeutics Against Communicable Diseases: A Review of Ethnopharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry Approaches.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Review
- Advancing global malaria control: therapeutic strategies, drug discovery, and formulation innovations.Infection · 2026Review
- Two Cases of Malaria-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Severe Pulmonary Complications From Plasmodium falciparum in Tanzania.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Cinchona alkaloid scaffold decoded.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Tuning reductase activity in monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Structural and mechanistic insights into the inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum MDR1.Nature communications · 2026Article
256 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Quinine remains an important anti-malarial drug almost 400 years after its effectiveness was first documented. However, its continued use is challenged by its poor tolerability, poor compliance with complex dosing regimens, and the availability of more efficacious anti-malarial drugs. This article reviews the historical role of quinine, considers its current usage and provides insight into its appropriate future use in the treatment of malaria. In light of recent research findings intravenous artesunate should be the first-line drug for severe malaria, with quinine as an alternative. The role of rectal quinine as pre-referral treatment for severe malaria has not been fully explored, but it remains a promising intervention. In pregnancy, quinine continues to play a critical role in the management of malaria, especially in the first trimester, and it will remain a mainstay of treatment until safer alternatives become available. For uncomplicated malaria, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) offers a better option than quinine though the difficulty of maintaining a steady supply of ACT in resource-limited settings renders the rapid withdrawal of quinine for uncomplicated malaria cases risky. The best approach would be to identify solutions to ACT stock-outs, maintain quinine in case of ACT stock-outs, and evaluate strategies for improving quinine treatment outcomes by combining it with antibiotics. In HIV and TB infected populations, concerns about potential interactions between quinine and antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis drugs exist, and these will need further research and pharmacovigilance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.