Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21607952›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical sciences2011

Effects of organic solvents on the barrier properties of human nail.

Kelly A Smith, Jinsong Hao, S Kevin Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Formulation of Tioconazole andMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Transungual permeation: current insights.Drug delivery and translational research · 2016
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Molecular diffusion in the human nail measured by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kelly A SmithDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267. sk4@mail.uc.edu.
Jinsong Hao
S Kevin Li
University of Cincinnati Medical Center · US

Funding

Methods to Control Transdermal lontophoresis VariabilityR01GM063559 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI LI, KEVIN S. · 2003 to 2012
$2.0M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM063559NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM063559
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effects of organic solvent systems on nail hydration and permeability have not been well studied. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of binary aqueous organic solvent systems of ethanol (EtOH), propylene glycol (PPG), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) on the barrier properties of nail plates. (3) H-water, (14) C-urea, and (14) C-tetraethylammonium ions were the probes in the nail uptake and transport experiments to study the effect(s) of organic solvents on nail hydration and permeability. Gravimetric studies were also performed as a secondary method to study nail hydration and the reversibility of the nail after organic solvent treatments. Both ungual uptake and transport were directly related to the concentration of the organic solvent in the binary systems. Partitioning of the probes into and transport across the nail decreased with an increase in the organic solvent concentration. These changes corresponded to the changes in solution viscosity and the barrier properties of the nail. In general, the effects for PPG and PEG were more pronounced than those for EtOH. Practically, these results suggest that organic solvents in formulations can increase nail barrier resistivity.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overChemistry, PharmaceuticalDose-Response Relationship, DrugEthanolHumansMaleMiddle AgedNailsPermeabilityPolyethylene GlycolsPropylene GlycolSolventsTechnology, PharmaceuticalTetraethylammoniumUreaEthanolPolyethylene GlycolsPropylene GlycolSolventsTetraethylammoniumUreaWaterhuman nail platehydrationorganic solvent effectstransungual transportungual uptake

Identifiers

PMID21607952
PMCPMC3516635
OpenAlexW2100431345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.