ArticleImmunology and cell biology2012
Interleukin-2 is present in human blood vessels and released in biologically active form by heparanase.
Article in Immunology and cell biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A randomized 2×2 factorial trial, part 1: single-dose rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction may improve renal transplantation outcomes.Transplantation · 2015Trial
- Immune System-Related Genetic Risk Factors for Inhibitory Antibody Development in Patients With Hemophilia: Reviewing an Old Problem From a New Perspective-A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
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- Embracing the informative missingness and silent gene in analyzing biologically diverse samples.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Tumor glucose metabolism and the T cell glycocalyx: implication for T cell function.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- IL-2/CD25 axis mediates cellular networks promoting the growth of CD25Leukemia research reports · 2024Article
- Low-dose IL-2 reduces IL-21Nature communications · 2022Article
- HS and Inflammation: A Potential Playground for the Sulfs?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Anchoring of intratumorally administered cytokines to collagen safely potentiates systemic cancer immunotherapy.Science translational medicine · 2019Article
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans as Relays of Neuroinflammation.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2018Review
- Regulation of Effector and Memory CD8 T Cell Differentiation by IL-2-A Balancing Act.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Article
- Heparan sulfate: a ubiquitous glycosaminoglycan with multiple roles in immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Article
- The role of interleukin-2 during homeostasis and activation of the immune system.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2012Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a multifaceted cytokine with immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive properties. Our laboratory recently demonstrated that the availability of IL-2 is regulated, in part, by association with perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Given the abundance of perlecan in blood vessels, we asked whether IL-2 is present in vessel walls. Our results indicate that IL-2 is associated with endothelial and smooth muscle cells within the human arterial wall. This IL-2 is released by heparanase, and promotes the proliferation of an IL-2-dependent cell line. Given the presence of IL-2 in human arteries, we asked whether the large vessels of IL-2-deficient mice were normal. The aortas of IL-2-deficient mice exhibited a loss of smooth muscle cells, suggesting that IL-2 may contribute to their survival. In their entirety, these results suggest a here-to-fore unrecognized role of IL-2 in vascular biology, and have significant implications for both the immune and cardiovascular systems.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.