Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21606331›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

Paul trapping of charged particles in aqueous solution.

Weihua Guan, Sony Joseph, Jae Hyun Park, Predrag S Krstic, Mark A Reed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Passive Metasurface Tweezers for Multi-Scale Orbital Transport and Trapping on Elastic Plates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Programmable electric tweezers.Science advances · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Thermophoretic tweezers for single nanoparticle manipulation.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2020
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Stability of an aqueous quadrupole micro-trap.Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal · 2012
    Article
  13. Tunable aqueous virtual micropore.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2012
    Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Weihua GuanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Sony Joseph
Jae Hyun Park
Predrag S Krstic
Mark A Reed
Oak Ridge National Laboratory · USYale University · US

Funding

DNA transport and sequencing through a quadrupole gateR21HG004764 · NHGRI · UT-BATTELLE, LLC-OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB · PI KRSTIC, PREDRAG S. · 2008 to 2009
$1.0M
NHGRI NIH HHS 1R21HG004764-01NHGRI NIH HHS R21 HG004764
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of an aqueous Paul trap using a proof-of-principle planar device. Radio frequency voltages are used to generate an alternating focusing/defocusing potential well in two orthogonal directions. Individual charged particles are dynamically confined into nanometer scale in space. Compared with conventional Paul traps working in frictionless vacuum, the aqueous environment associated with damping forces and thermally induced fluctuations (Brownian noise) exerts a fundamental influence on the underlying physics. We investigate the impact of these two effects on the confining dynamics, with the aim to reduce the rms value of the positional fluctuations. We find that the rms fluctuations can be modulated by adjusting the voltages and frequencies. This technique provides an alternative for the localization and control of charged particles in an aqueous environment.

Indexed as

ThermodynamicsAlgorithmsChemical PhenomenaFeasibility StudiesIonsModels, ChemicalNanotechnologyParticle SizeRadio WavesSolutionsWaterIonsSolutionsWater

Identifiers

PMID21606331
PMCPMC3111334
OpenAlexW2164510050

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.