ArticleCarcinogenesis2011
The role for estrogen receptor-alpha and prolactin receptor in sex-dependent DEN-induced liver tumorigenesis.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms of sex hormones in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a systematic review.Molecular biology reports · 2025Pooled it
- A method utilizing chemical carcinogens and a Western diet to reliably induce advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in male and female mice.Cancer & metabolism · 2026Article
- Identification and validation of PANoptosis-related LncRNAs prognosis system in hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- FOXA1 and FOXA2: the regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications in cancer.Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- ZBTB7B is a permissive regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma initiation by repressing c-Jun expression and function.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Review
- GH-dependent growth of experimentally induced carcinomas in vivo.Endocrine-related cancer · 2023Review
- Molecular programming modulates hepatic lipid metabolism and adult metabolic risk in the offspring of obese mothers in a sex-specific manner.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Klotho and Estrogen Receptors Expression in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Estrogen Receptor-α Suppresses Liver Carcinogenesis and Establishes Sex-Specific Gene Expression.Cancers · 2021Article
- TrxR1, Gsr, and oxidative stress determine hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Recent advances in the molecular mechanism of sex disparity in hepatocellular carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2019Review
- Article
- Regulation of sex hormone receptors in sexual dimorphism of human cancers.Cancer letters · 2018Review
- Genomics of sex hormone receptor signaling in hepatic sexual dimorphism.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2018Article
- Article
- Interplay of estrogen receptors and FOXA factors in the liver cancer.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2015Review
- Lentivirus-Mediated siRNA Targeting ER-α Inhibits Tumorigenesis and Induces Apoptosis in Hepatocarcinoma Cells.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Prolactin prevents hepatocellular carcinoma by restricting innate immune activation of c-Myc in mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- The influence of estrogens on the biological and therapeutic actions of growth hormone in the liver.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mice treated neonatally with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) develop liver tumors in a male-dominant manner, reflecting the male bias in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Evidence suggests that estrogen, androgen, prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) modify liver tumorigenesis. We determined the roles of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and prolactin receptor (PRLR) using receptor null mice, ERαKO (C57Bl/6J) and PRLR-KO (129Ola-X-C57BL/6), in the neonatal-DEN model of liver tumorigenesis. In both mouse strains, females had reduced tumorigenesis compared with males (P < 0.01), regardless of ERα or PRLR status. Tumorigenesis was not affected by ovariectomy in C57Bl/6J mice but it was increased by ovariectomy in the mixed strain, 129Ola-X-C57BL/6, regardless of PRLR status. ERαKO males had 47% fewer tumors than ERα wild-type males (P < 0.01). On the other hand, estradiol treatment protected against tumorigenesis in males only in the presence of ERα. As evidenced by liver gene expression, lack of ERα did not alter the pattern of GH secretion in males but resulted in the male GH pattern in females. These observations indicate that ERα is not required for lower tumorigenesis in females, but it is required for the protective effects of exogenously delivered estradiol. Unexpectedly, the results indicate that ERα plays a role in promotion of liver tumors in males. In addition, it can be concluded that sex differences in liver tumorigenesis cannot be explained by the sexually dimorphic pattern of GH secretion. The results also rule out PRL as the mediator of the protective effect of the ovaries.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.