Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21604670›Full record

ArticleAnalytical chemistry2011

Push-pull perfusion sampling with segmented flow for high temporal and spatial resolution in vivo chemical monitoring.

Thomas R Slaney, Jing Nie, Neil D Hershey, Prasanna K Thwar, Jennifer Linderman, Mark A Burns, Robert T Kennedy

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical chemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Microfabricated Probes for Studying Brain Chemistry: A Review.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2018
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Thomas R SlaneyUniversity of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Jing Nie
Neil D Hershey
Prasanna K Thwar
Jennifer Linderman
Mark A Burns
Robert T Kennedy
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

In vivo chemical monitoring using capillary separationsR37EB003320 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI KENNEDY, ROBERT T · 2008 to 2017
$3.6M
NIBIB NIH HHS R37 EB003320
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Low-flow push-pull perfusion is a sampling method that yields better spatial resolution than competitive methods like microdialysis. Because of the low flow rates used (50 nL/min), it is challenging to use this technique at high temporal resolution which requires methods of collecting, manipulating, and analyzing nanoliter samples. High temporal resolution also requires control of Taylor dispersion during sampling. To meet these challenges, push-pull perfusion was coupled with segmented flow to achieve in vivo sampling at 7 s temporal resolution at 50 nL/min flow rates. By further miniaturizing the probe inlet, sampling with 200 ms resolution at 30 nL/min (pull only) was demonstrated in vitro. Using this method, L-glutamate was monitored in the striatum of anesthetized rats. Up to 500 samples of 6 nL each were collected at 7 s intervals, segmented by an immiscible oil and stored in a capillary tube. The samples were assayed offline for L-glutamate at a rate of 15 samples/min by pumping them into a reagent addition tee fabricated from Teflon where reagents were added for a fluorescent enzyme assay. Fluorescence of the resulting plugs was monitored downstream. Microinjection of 70 mM potassium in physiological buffered saline evoked l-glutamate concentration transients that had an average maxima of 4.5 ± 1.1 μM (n = 6 animals, 3-4 injections each) and rise times of 22 ± 2 s. These results demonstrate that low-flow push-pull perfusion with segmented flow can be used for high temporal resolution chemical monitoring and in complex biological environments.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainFluorescent DyesGlutamic AcidMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySpectrometry, FluorescenceFluorescent DyesGlutamic Acid

Identifiers

PMID21604670
PMCPMC3128237
OpenAlexW2044429612

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.