ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2011
Age-specific differences in influenza A epidemic curves: do children drive the spread of influenza epidemics?
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneous estimates of influenza virus types A and B in the elderly: Results of a meta-regression analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2018Pooled it
- Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children and adolescents 6 months through 17 years of age in India.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Trial
- Characteristics of respiratory viral infections during influenza season in Canadian Hutterite Communities.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2013Trial
- Optimization of school closures during an Omicron epidemic in Hong Kong: a modelling study.Interface focus · 2025Article
- Article
- Epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreaks in schools in Jiangsu Province, China, 2020-2023 post-COVID-19 pandemic.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Effect of Rapid Urbanization in Mainland China on the Seasonal Influenza Epidemic: Spatiotemporal Analysis of Surveillance Data From 2010 to 2017.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Resurgence of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in Egypt following two years of decline during the COVID-19 pandemic: outpatient clinic survey of infants and children, October 2022.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Vaccine effectiveness estimates from an early-season influenza A(H3N2) epidemic, including unique genetic diversity with reassortment, Canada, 2022/23.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Distinct influenza surveillance networks and their agreement in recording regional influenza circulation: Experience from Southeast Michigan.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- Influenza Viruses and Vaccines: The Role of Vaccine Effectiveness Studies for Evaluation of the Benefits of Influenza Vaccines.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Role of Age in the Spread of Influenza, 2011-2019: Data From the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Applying the Moving Epidemic Method to Establish the Influenza Epidemic Thresholds and Intensity Levels for Age-Specific Groups in Hubei Province, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Increased urbanization reduced the effectiveness of school closures on seasonal influenza epidemics in China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2021Article
- Article
- Association Between Statewide School Closure and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in the US.JAMA · 2020Observational
- Effects of School Holidays on Seasonal Influenza in South Korea, 2014-2016.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Comparison of Common Respiratory Virus Peak Incidence Among Varying Age Groups in Rhode Island, 2012-2016.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Transmissibility of influenza during the 21st-century epidemics, Spain, influenza seasons 2001/02 to 2017/18.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates against influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) pdm09 among children during school-based outbreaks in the 2016-2017 season in Beijing, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence suggesting that children may drive the spread of influenza epidemics. The objective of this study was to quantify the lead time by age using laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza A for the 1995/1996-2005/2006 seasons from Canadian communities and laboratory-confirmed hospital admissions for the H1N1/2009 pandemic strain. With alignment of the epidemic curves locally before aggregation of cases, slight age-specific differences in the timing of infection became apparent. For seasonal influenza, both the 10-19- and 20-29-year age groups peaked 1 week earlier than other age groups, while during the fall wave of the 2009 pandemic, infections peaked earlier among only the 10-19-year age group. In the H3N2 seasons, infections occurred an average of 3.9 (95% confidence interval: 1.7, 6.1) days earlier in the 20-29-year age group than for youth aged 10-19 years, while during the fall pandemic wave, the 10-19-year age group had a statistically significant lead of 3 days compared with both younger children aged 4-9 years and adults aged 20-29 years (P < 0.0001). This analysis casts doubt on the hypothesis that younger school-age children actually lead influenza epidemic waves.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.