ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2011
DNA methylation as a risk factor in the effects of early life stress.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training increases peripheral serotonin transporter expression independently of promoter methylation changes.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- RNA in Plasma Extracellular Vesicles of Adolescent Rhesus Macaques Reveals Immune, Bioenergetic, and Microbial Imprints of Early-Life Adversity: An Exploratory Analysis.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cortisol, DHEAS, and the cortisol/DHEAS ratio as predictors of epigenetic age acceleration.Biogerontology · 2025Article
- How life events may confer vulnerability to addiction: the role of epigenetics.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Homocysteine-Induced Disturbances in DNA Methylation Contribute to Development of Stress-Associated Cognitive Decline in Rats.Neuroscience bulletin · 2022Article
- Evaluating the challenges and reproducibility of studies investigating DNA methylation signatures of psychological stress.Epigenomics · 2022Review
- The Dynamic Regulation of G-Quadruplex DNA Structures by Cytosine Methylation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Biobehavioral organization shapes the immune epigenome in infant rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Early Life Exposure to Food Contaminants and Social Stress as Risk Factor for Metabolic Disorders Occurrence?-An Overview.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Children With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder and Psychopathological Risk in Their Mothers: The Function of Global DNA Methylation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Exposure to different early-life stress experiences results in differentially altered DNA methylation in the brain and immune system.Neurobiology of stress · 2020Article
- Associations Between Maternal Community Deprivation and Infant DNA Methylation of the SLC6A4 Gene.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- Effect of Early Life Stress on the Epigenetic Profiles in Depression.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Looking back and moving forward: Evaluating and advancing translation from animal models to human studies of early life stress and DNA methylation.Developmental psychobiology · 2019Article
- How Stress Gets Under the Skin: Early Life Adversity and Glucocorticoid Receptor Epigenetic Regulation.Current genomics · 2018Review
- Reduced left ventricular dimension and function following early life stress: A thrifty phenotype hypothesis engendering risk for mood and anxiety disorders.Neurobiology of stress · 2018Article
- Epigenetic Landscapes of the Adversity-Exposed Brain.Progress in molecular biology and translational science · 2018Review
- Looking Beyond the 5-HTTLPR Polymorphism: Genetic and Epigenetic Layers of Regulation Affecting the Serotonin Transporter Gene Expression.Molecular neurobiology · 2017Review
- Early rearing history influences oxytocin receptor epigenetic regulation in rhesus macaques.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epigenetic marks (e.g., DNA 5-methylcytosine [5mC] content or CpG methylation) within specific gene regulatory regions have been demonstrated to play diverse roles in stress adaptation and resulting health trajectories following early adversity. Yet the developmental programming of the vast majority of the epigenome has not yet been characterized, and its role in the impact of early stress largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the relationships among early life stress, whole-epigenome and candidate stress pathway gene (serotonin transporter, 5-HTT) methylation patterns, and adult behavioral stress adaptation in a non-human primate model. Early in life, experimental variable foraging demand (VFD) stress or control conditions were administered to two groups each of 10 female bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata) and their mothers. As adults (3-13 years of age), these females were assessed for behavioral adaptation to stress across four conditions of increasing intensity. Blood DNA 5-HTT 5mC status was determined using sodium bisulfite pyrosequencing and total 5mC content was determined using ELISA. Neither stress reactivity nor DNA methylation differed based on early life stress. However, we found that both greater 5-HTT and whole-genome 5mC was associated with enhanced behavioral stress reactivity following early life stress, but not control conditions. Therefore, regardless of developmental origin, greater DNA methylation conferred a genomic background of "risk" in the context of early stress. We suggest that this may arise from constrained plasticity in gene expression needed for stress adaptation early in development. This risk may have wider implications for psychological and physical stress adaptation and health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.