ArticleSteroids2011
Progesterone and estrogen receptor expression and activity in human non-small cell lung cancer.
Article in Steroids, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do female and male patients derive similar benefits from approved systemic oncology therapies? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Abdominal Obesity and Lung Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Nutrients · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Sex differences in the cancer proteome.BMJ oncology · 2026Article
- Beyond tobacco: understanding the growing burden of lung adenocarcinoma in women.Oncology reviews · 2026Review
- The Mechanism of Steroid Hormones in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Molecular Signaling to Clinical Application.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Prognostic value of progesterone receptor expression in non-small cell lung cancer tissue.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Article
- The prognostic and clinical value of genes associate with immunity and amino acid Metabolism in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Association of VEGFA polymorphisms with the risk of oesophageal cancer in Punjab, India: A case-control study.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Article
- New Perspectives on Sex Steroid Hormones Signaling in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- Sex Differences in Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- Efficient Delivery of Gemcitabine by Estrogen Receptor-Targeted PEGylated Liposome and Its Anti-Lung Cancer Activity In Vivo and In Vitro.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Targeting Nuclear Receptors in Lung Cancer-Novel Therapeutic Prospects.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Novel Multimodal Management of Post-Partum Synchronous Metastatic Pulmonary EBV-Associated Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma (LELC)-A Case Report.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Role of sex hormones in lung cancer.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Review
- An Overview of Lung Cancer in Women and the Impact of Estrogen in Lung Carcinogenesis and Lung Cancer Treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Progesterone/Org inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell growth via membrane progesterone receptor alpha.Thoracic cancer · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality in male and female patients in the US. Although it is clear that tobacco smoking is a major cause of lung cancer, about half of all women with lung cancer worldwide are never-smokers. Despite a declining smoking population, the incidence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the predominant form of lung cancer, has reached epidemic proportions particularly in women. Emerging data suggest that factors other than tobacco, namely endogenous and exogenous female sex hormones, have a role in stimulating NSCLC progression. Aromatase, a key enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis, is expressed in NSCLC. Clinical data show that women with high levels of tumor aromatase (and high intratumoral estrogen) have worse survival than those with low aromatase. The present and previous studies also reveal significant expression and activity of estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ) in both extranuclear and nuclear sites in most NSCLC. We now report further on the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) transcripts and protein in NSCLC. PR transcripts were significantly lower in cancerous as compared to non-malignant tissue. Using immunohistochemistry, expression of PR was observed in the nucleus and/or extranuclear compartments in the majority of human tumor specimens examined. Combinations of estrogen and progestins administered in vitro cooperate in promoting tumor secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and, consequently, support tumor-associated angiogenesis. Further, dual treatment with estradiol and progestin increased the numbers of putative tumor stem/progenitor cells. Thus, ER- and/or PR-targeted therapies may offer new approaches to manage NSCLC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.