ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2011
The interleukin-6 and noradrenaline mediated inflammation-stress feedback mechanism is dysregulated in metabolic syndrome: effect of exercise.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Muscle-Tumor Crosstalk in Exercise Oncology: Exercise-Induced Myokines and Cancer Cachexia.Cancers · 2026Review
- Experimental Models for Studying Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026Review
- Exercise-induced anxiety impairs local and systemic inflammatory response and glucose metabolism in C57BL/6J mice.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Immunoneuroendocrine, Stress, Metabolic, and Behavioural Responses in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity.Nutrients · 2024Article
- α1 Adrenoreceptor antagonism mitigates extracellular mitochondrial DNA accumulation in lung fibrosis models and in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- Heart rate monitoring to detect acute pain in non-verbal patients: a study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Influence of Obesity and Weight Loss on the Bioregulation of Innate/Inflammatory Responses: Macrophages and Immunometabolism.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Review
- Obesity Increases Gene Expression of Markers Associated With Immunosenescence in Obese Middle-Aged Individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Influence of Obesity and Exercise on β2-Adrenergic-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Peritoneal Murine Macrophages.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- β2 Adrenergic Regulation of the Phagocytic and Microbicide Capacity of Circulating Monocytes: Influence of Obesity and Exercise.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Associations between serum trace elements and inflammation in two animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.PloS one · 2020Article
- Impaired heat shock protein 72 expression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome following a supervised exercise programme.Cell stress & chaperones · 2020Article
- Hormesis in Health and Chronic Diseases.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2019Review
- β2 Adrenergic Regulation of the Phagocytic and Microbicide Capacity of Macrophages from Obese and Lean Mice: Effects of Exercise.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Obesity Affects β2 Adrenergic Regulation of the Inflammatory Profile and Phenotype of Circulating Monocytes from Exercised Animals.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Adrenergic Regulation of Macrophage-Mediated Innate/Inflammatory Responses in Obesity and Exercise in this Condition: Role of β2 Adrenergic Receptors.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2019Review
- Beneficial Pleiotropic Antidepressive Effects of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Interventions in the Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
- The "bioregulatory effect of exercise" on the innate/inflammatory responses.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2016Review
- IL-4 and IL-6 levels and adipose tissue distribution in HIV-1 patients under antiretroviral therapy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic disorder associated with obesity, type-II diabetes, and "low grade inflammation", with the concomitant increased risk of cardiovascular events. Removal of the inflammatory mediator signals is a promising strategy to protect against insulin resistance, obesity, and other problems associated with MS such as cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the "inflammatory and stress status" in an experimental model of MS, and to evaluate the effect of a program of habitual exercise and the resulting training-induced adaptation to the effects of a single bout of acute exercise.
methodsObese Zucker rats (fa/fa) were used as the experimental model of MS, and lean Zucker rats (Fa/fa) were used for reference values. The habitual exercise (performed by the obese rats) consisted of treadmill running: 5 days/week for 14 weeks, at 35 cm/s for 35 min in the last month. The acute exercise consisted of a single session of 25-35 min at 35 cm/s. Circulating concentrations of IL-6 (a cytokine that regulates the inflammatory and metabolic responses), CRP (a systemic inflammatory marker), and corticosterone (CTC) (the main glucocorticoid in rats) were determined by ELISA, and that of noradrenaline (NA) was determined by HPLC. Glucose was determined by standard methods.
resultsThe genetically obese animals showed higher circulating levels of glucose, IL-6, PCR, and NA compared with the control lean animals. The habitual exercise program increased the concentration of IL-6, CRP, NA, and glucose, but decreased that of CTC. Acute exercise increased IL-6, CRP, and NA in the sedentary obese animals, but not in the trained obese animals. CTC was increased after the acute exercise in the trained animals only.
conclusionAnimals with MS present a dysregulation in the feedback mechanism between IL-6 and NA which can contribute to the systemic low-grade inflammation and/or hyperglycaemia of MS. An inappropriate exercise intensity can worsen this dysregulation, contributing to the metabolic, inflammatory, and stress disorders associated with MS. Habitual exercise (i.e., training) induces a positive adaptation in the response to acute exercise.
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