SynthesisPsychopharmacology2011
Systematic review of the relationship between the 3-hydroxycotinine/cotinine ratio and cigarette dependence.
Synthesis in Psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationships Between the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and Laboratory Assessments of Smoking Reinforcement and Craving Among Adults in a Smoking Cessation Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Feasibility of precision smoking treatment in a low-income community setting: results of a pilot randomized controlled trial in The Southern Community Cohort Study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Trial
- Correlates of the nicotine metabolite ratio in Alaska Native people who smoke cigarettes.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Nicotine Metabolism-informed Care for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Precision RCT.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018Trial
- Stability of the nicotine metabolite ratio in smokers of progressively reduced nicotine content cigarettes.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Trial
- Reproducibility of the nicotine metabolite ratio in cigarette smokers.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2012Trial
- Rapid nicotine clearance is associated with greater reward and heart rate increases from intravenous nicotine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2012Trial
- Article
- The hidden impact: the rate of nicotine metabolism and kidney health.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Can Treatment Support Mitigate Nicotine Metabolism-Based Disparities in Smoking Abstinence? Secondary Analysis of the Helping HAND 4 Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- The use of biomarkers to guide precision treatment for tobacco use.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Examining racial differences in smoking outcomes among smokers enrolled in an intravenous nicotine infusion study.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
- Inhibition of Nicotine Metabolism by Cannabidiol (CBD) and 7-Hydroxycannabidiol (7-OH-CBD).Chemical research in toxicology · 2023Article
- Variation in Nicotine Metabolization According to Biological Factors and Type of Nicotine Consumer.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exploring Potential for a Personalized Medicine Approach to Smoking Cessation With an American Indian Tribe.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Tobacco Use Disorder.The Medical clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Multiethnic Prediction of Nicotine Biomarkers and Association With Nicotine Dependence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Pharmacogenetics factors influencing smoking cessation success; the importance of nicotine metabolism.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2021Review
- A prospective study of the association between rate of nicotine metabolism and alcohol use in tobacco users in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Associations Between Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and Gender With Transitions in Cigarette Smoking Status and E-Cigarette Use: Findings Across Waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleIndividual differences in the rate of nicotine metabolism (RNM) could be related to dependence and success in stopping smoking. A range of studies have examined RNM measured by the ratio of trans-3'-hydroxycotinine and cotinine in body fluids (the ratio). A systematic review of this literature is needed to draw conclusions and identify gaps in evidence.
objectiveThe aim of this study is to review evidence on the association of the ratio to cigarette dependence and its role in individual tailoring of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy.
resultsWe reviewed 27 studies of the ratio related to its reliability, validity, and relationship to dependence. The ratio is a reasonably accurate proxy for RNM. There is little evidence that the ratio is related to questionnaire measures of dependence, though the existing data are limited and the ratio has been linked to smoking at night and to some aspects of smoking topography. The ratio is also only weakly associated with cigarette consumption. Its relationship to the severity of withdrawal symptoms seems also weak at best, but limited data exist. One study suggests the ratio predicts outcome of unaided quitting. Importantly, the ratio seems to predict responses both to NRT and bupropion, and thus could guide pharmacotherapy.
conclusionsThe evidence that the ratio is related to smoking behaviours and to cigarette dependence is limited, but the ratio seems to influence treatment response to two stop smoking medications. Further studies of the relationship between the ratio and cigarette dependence and trials of ratio-guided pharmacotherapy are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.