ArticleHuman genetics2011
Chromosome-wide DNA methylation analysis predicts human tissue-specific X inactivation.
Article in Human genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- Escape from X-chromosome inactivation: from gene discovery to regulatory mechanisms.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Sex-influenced DNA methylation differs by placental cell type.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- DNA methylation signatures of frailty beyond age: a longitudinal study of female and male mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- X chromosome inactivation across primary human tissues is mostly complete, with significant implications for genetic and clinical studies.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Escape From X Chromosome Inactivation as a Driver of Plasmacytoid DC Heterogeneity in Health and Disease.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- FemXpress: Systematic Analysis of X Chromosome Inactivation Heterogeneity in Female Single-Cell RNA-Seq Samples.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- X chromosome inactivation in mammals: general principles and species-specific considerations.EMBO reports · 2025Review
- Escape from X-chromosome inactivation at KDM5C is driven by promoter-proximal DNA elements and enhanced by domain context.Human molecular genetics · 2025Article
- Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of X and Y sperm in Holstein bulls reveals differences in autosomal methylation status.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Article
- Breaking rules: the complex relationship between DNA methylation and X-chromosome inactivation in the human placenta.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Defective X-chromosome inactivation and cancer risk in women.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Sub-chronic stress exerts partially distinct behavioral and epigenetic effects in male and female mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Multifaceted role of CTCF in X-chromosome inactivation.Chromosoma · 2024Review
- DNA methylation differences between the female and male X chromosomes in human brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Skewed X-inactivation is associated with retinal dystrophy in female carriers ofLife science alliance · 2023Article
- Refining the genomic determinants underlying escape from X-chromosome inactivation.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Epigenomic signatures reveal mechanistic clues and predictive markers for autism spectrum disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- X chromosome dosage and the genetic impact across human tissues.Genome medicine · 2023Article
- Who's afraid of the X? Incorporating the X and Y chromosomes into the analysis of DNA methylation array data.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2023Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) results in the differential marking of the active and inactive X with epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation. Consistent with the previous studies showing that CpG island-containing promoters of genes subject to XCI are approximately 50% methylated in females and unmethylated in males while genes which escape XCI are unmethylated in both sexes; our chromosome-wide (Methylated DNA ImmunoPrecipitation) and promoter-targeted methylation analyses (Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 array) showed the largest methylation difference (D = 0.12, p < 2.2 E-16) between male and female blood at X-linked CpG islands promoters. We used the methylation differences between males and females to predict XCI statuses in blood and found that 81% had the same XCI status as previously determined using expression data. Most genes (83%) showed the same XCI status across tissues (blood, fetal: muscle, kidney and nerual); however, the methylation of a subset of genes predicted different XCI statuses in different tissues. Using previously published expression data the effect of transcription on gene-body methylation was investigated and while X-linked introns of highly expressed genes were more methylated than the introns of lowly expressed genes, exonic methylation did not differ based on expression level. We conclude that the XCI status predicted using methylation of X-linked promoters with CpG islands was usually the same as determined by expression analysis and that 12% of X-linked genes examined show tissue-specific XCI whereby a gene has a different XCI status in at least one of the four tissues examined.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.