Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21597483›Full record

ArticleEye (London, England)2011

Sub-lytic C5b-9 induces functional changes in retinal pigment epithelial cells consistent with age-related macular degeneration.

K Lueck, S Wasmuth, J Williams, T R Hughes, B P Morgan, A Lommatzsch, J Greenwood, S E Moss, D Pauleikhoff

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Eye (London, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Association of Blood Group Antigen CD59 with Disease.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
  17. The innate immune system in diabetic retinopathy.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

K LueckOphtha-Lab at Department of Ophthalmology, St Franziskus Hospital, Muenster, Germany.
S Wasmuth
J Williams
T R Hughes
B P Morgan
A Lommatzsch
J Greenwood
S E Moss
D Pauleikhoff
St. Franziskus Hospital · DEUniversity College London · GBCardiff University · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThere is evidence for complement dysfunction in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Complement activation leads to formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), known to assemble on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Therefore, the effect of sub-lytic MAC on RPE cells was examined with regard to pro-inflammatory or pro-angiogenic mediators relevant in AMD.

methodsFor sub-lytic MAC induction, RPE cells were incubated with an antiserum to complement regulatory protein CD59, followed by normal human serum (NHS) to induce 5% cell death, measured by a viability assay. MAC formation was evaluated by immunofluorescence and FACS analysis. Interleukin (IL)-6, -8, monocytic chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intracellular MCP-1 was analysed by immunofluorescence, vitronectin by western blotting, and gelatinolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by zymography.

resultsIncubation of RPE cells with the CD59 antiserum followed by 5% NHS induced sub-lytic amounts of MAC, verified by FACS and immunofluorescence. This treatment stimulated the cells to release IL-6, -8, MCP-1, and VEGF. MCP-1 staining, production of vitronectin, and gelatinolytic MMPs were also elevated in response to sub-lytic MAC.

conclusionsMAC assembly on RPE cells increases the IL-6, -8, and MCP-1 production. Therefore, sub-lytic MAC might have a significant role in generating a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, contributing to the development of AMD. Enhanced vitronectin might be a protective mechanism against MAC deposition. In addition, the increased expression of gelatinolytic MMPs and pro-angiogenic VEGF may be associated with neovascular processes and late AMD.

Indexed as

Cell LineChemokine CCL2Complement ActivationComplement Membrane Attack ComplexHumansImmunohistochemistryInterleukin-6Interleukin-8Macular DegenerationMatrix MetalloproteinasesRetinal Pigment EpitheliumVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVitronectinCCL2 protein, humanChemokine CCL2Complement Membrane Attack ComplexInterleukin-6Interleukin-8Matrix MetalloproteinasesVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVitronectin

Identifiers

PMID21597483
PMCPMC3178225
OpenAlexW1966355819

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.