ArticleImmunity2011
Intravital imaging reveals limited antigen presentation and T cell effector function in mycobacterial granulomas.
Article in Immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antigen Availability Shapes T Cell Differentiation and Function during Tuberculosis.Cell host & microbe · 2017Trial
- Host-pathogen interactions in tuberculosis: from immunological mechanisms to translational applications.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Human memory CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Monocytic niches escape T cell surveillance and promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in lymph nodes.Immunity · 2026Article
- Granuloma dual RNA-seq reveals composite transcriptional programs driven by neutrophils and necrosis within tuberculous granulomas.Science advances · 2026Article
- T cell-macrophage interactions in tuberculosis: What we've got here is failure to communicate.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- TLR ligand sensing by lymph node FRCs directs intranodal lymphocyte accumulation to promote immune responses.iScience · 2025Article
- Finding and filling the knowledge gaps in mechanisms of T cell-mediated TB immunity to inform vaccine design.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Timing matters in macrophage/CD4+ T cell interactions: an agent-based model comparingmSystems · 2025Article
- Safety and Immunogenicity of anVaccines · 2023Article
- The spread of interferon-γ in melanomas is highly spatially confined, driving nongenetic variability in tumor cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Remodeling and Restraining Lung Tissue Damage Through the Regulation of Respiratory Immune Responses.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2023Review
- Stromal structure remodeling by B lymphocytes limits T cell activation in lymph nodes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- T cell activation niches-Optimizing T cell effector function in inflamed and infected tissues.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- In the Thick of It: Formation of the Tuberculous Granuloma and Its Effects on Host and Therapeutic Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis and Malaria.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- The Missing Link in Correlates of Protective Tuberculosis Immunity: Recognizing the Infected Cell.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- The spatio-temporal control of effector T cell migration.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2021Review
- CXCL10Cell reports · 2021Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cell-mediated adaptive immunity is critical for host defense, but little is known about T cell behavior during delivery of effector function. Here we investigate relationships among antigen presentation, T cell motility, and local production of effector cytokines by CD4+ T cells within hepatic granulomas triggered by Bacille Calmette-Guérin or Mycobacterium tuberculosis. At steady-state, only small fractions of mycobacteria-specific T cells showed antigen-induced migration arrest within granulomas, resulting in low-level, polarized secretion of cytokines. However, exogenous antigen elicited rapid arrest and robust cytokine production by the vast majority of effector T cells. These findings suggest that limited antigen presentation and/or recognition within granulomas evoke a muted T cell response drawing on only a fraction of the host's potential effector capacity. Our results provide new insights into the regulation of host-protective functions, especially how antigen availability influences T cell dynamics and, in turn, effector T cell function during chronic infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.