Trial reportPsychopharmacology2011
Effect of D-cycloserine and valproic acid on the extinction of reinstated fear-conditioned responses and habituation of fear conditioning in healthy humans: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid in combination with fear-memory retrieval before exposure therapy for spider phobia: A randomized controlled trial.Psychological medicine · 2025Trial
- A randomized, placebo-controlled laboratory study of the effects of D-cycloserine on sexual memory consolidation in women.Psychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Augmenting extinction learning with D-cycloserine reduces return of fear: a randomized, placebo-controlled fMRI study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Vorinostat-Treated Patients after Matched Unrelated Donor Myeloablative Conditioning Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2019Trial
- Effect of d-cycloserine on fear extinction training in adults with social anxiety disorder.PloS one · 2019Trial
- A role beyond learning for NMDA receptors in reward-based decision-making-a pharmacological study using d-cycloserine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Combining d-cycloserine with motor training does not result in improved general motor learning in neurologically intact people or in people with stroke.Journal of neurophysiology · 2014Trial
- Sleep-dependent declarative memory consolidation--unaffected after blocking NMDA or AMPA receptors but enhanced by NMDA coagonist D-cycloserine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- An N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist facilitates sleep-independent synaptic plasticity associated with working memory capacity enhancement.Scientific reports · 2011Trial
- The HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate moderately enhances long-term fear extinction memory retrieval in humans.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Enhancing the Efficacy of Exposure Therapy: Translation of Pharmacological Augmentation of Fear Extinction.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2026Review
- A systematic review of spontaneous recovery in human fear conditioning.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Neuropharmacological Modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate, Noradrenaline and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Fear Extinction Learning: Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A Role for Histone Deacetylases in the Biology and Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go from Here?Complex psychiatry · 2022Review
- GluN2D NMDA Receptors Gate Fear Extinction Learning and Interneuron Plasticity.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Effects of Terrorist Attacks on Symptom Clusters of PTSD: a Comparison with Victims of Other Traumatic Events.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2019Article
- Pre-specified Anxiety Predicts Future Decision-Making Performances Under Different Temporally Constrained Conditions.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- An Overview of Translationally Informed Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Animal Models of Pavlovian Fear Conditioning to Human Clinical Trials.Biological psychiatry · 2015Review
- Pharmacology of cognitive enhancers for exposure-based therapy of fear, anxiety and trauma-related disorders.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2015Review
- Sleep and REM sleep disturbance in the pathophysiology of PTSD: the role of extinction memory.Biology of mood & anxiety disorders · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleAlthough the effects of D: -cycloserine (DCS) and valproic acid (VPA) on the facilitation of the extinction of fear-conditioned memory have been elucidated in animals, these effects have not been clearly confirmed in humans.
objectiveThis study aimed to determine the effect of DCS (100 mg) and VPA (400 mg) on the facilitation of the extinction and acquisition of fear-conditioned memory in humans.
methodsWe performed a randomized, blind, placebo-controlled, four-arm clinical trial in 60 healthy adults. Visual cues and electric shocks were used as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US), respectively.
resultsThe extinction or acquisition effect was not observed in the simple recall after the extinction or acquisition of coupled CS-US; however, the extinction and habituation effects but not the acquisition effects were presented after the unexpected re-exposure of coupled CS-US (reinstatement stimuli). Extinction and habituation effects were facilitated by either a single dose of DCS or VPA or a combination of DCS and VPA. However, we did not observe the expected synergistic effect of the combined treatment on the extinction or habituation of fear conditioning.
conclusionA single dose of DCS or VPA might enhance exposure-based cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders by reducing the vulnerability to reinstatement and preventing relapses of fear-conditioned responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.