Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21593667›Full record

ArticleThe Clinical journal of pain

Altered central sensitization in subgroups of women with vulvodynia.

Zheng Zhang, Denniz A Zolnoun, Eric M Francisco, Jameson K Holden, Robert G Dennis, Mark Tommerdahl

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Clinical journal of pain. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Impact of deep or ovarian endometriosis on pelvic pain and quality of life: prospective cross-sectional ultrasound study.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Vulvodynia: Pain Management Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. An Undergraduate Laboratory Exercise that Demonstrates the Difference Between Peripherally and Centrally Mediated Measures.Journal of undergraduate neuroscience education : JUNE : a publication of FUN, Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience · 2016
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zheng ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Denniz A Zolnoun
Eric M Francisco
Jameson K Holden
Robert G Dennis
Mark Tommerdahl
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Vulvar Vestibulitis syndrome (VVS)P01NS045685 · NINDS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI NACKLEY, ANDREA G · 2004 to 2014
$12.5M
Refining Diagnostic Criteria of a Pain Disorder: Vulvar Vestibulitis SyndromeK23HD053631 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ZOLNOUN, DENNIZ A · 2006 to 2010
$686k
NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD053631NINDS NIH HHS P01 NS045685NINDS NIH HHS P01 NS045685-061A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the clinical correlates of central nervous system alterations among women with vulvodynia. Altered central sensitization has been linked to dysfunction in central nervous system-inhibitory pathways (e.g., γ-aminobutyric acidergic), and metrics of sensory adaptation, a centrally mediated process that is sensitive to this dysfunction, could potentially be used to identify women at risk of treatment failure using conventional approaches.

methodsTwelve women with vulvodynia and 20 age-matched controls participated in this study, which was conducted by sensory testing of the right hand's index and middle fingers. The following sensory precepts were assessed: (1) vibrotactile detection threshold; (2) amplitude discrimination capacity (defined as the ability to detect differences in intensity of simultaneously delivered stimuli to 2 fingers); and (3) a metric of adaptation (determined by the impact that applying conditioning stimuli have on amplitude discriminative capacity).

resultsParticipants did not differ on key demographic variables, vibrotactile detection threshold, and amplitude discrimination capacity. However, we found significant differences from controls in adaptation metrics in 1 subgroup of vulvodynia patients. Compared with healthy controls and women with a shorter history of pain [n=5; duration (y) = 3.4 ± 1.3], those with a longer history [n=7; duration (y) = 9.3 ± 1.4)] were found to be less likely to have adaptation metrics similar to control values. DISCUSSION: Chronic pain is thought to lead to altered central sensitization, and adaptation is a centrally mediated process that is sensitive to this condition. This report suggests that similar alterations exist in a subgroup of vulvodynia patients.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAdultCase-Control StudiesCentral Nervous SystemCentral Nervous System SensitizationDiscrimination, PsychologicalFemaleHumansPain ThresholdPhysical StimulationVulvodynia

Identifiers

PMID21593667
PMCPMC3173591
OpenAlexW2083335082

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.