ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Key role for IL-21 in experimental autoimmune uveitis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ocular immune homeostasis-mechanisms of precise regulation through coordination of the eye, visual system and beyond: a narrative review.Annals of eye science · 2026Article
- Metabolic checkpoints in the regulation of Th17 cells: implications for uveitis pathogenesis and therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Th17 Response in Uveitis: A Double-Edged Sword in Ocular Inflammation and Immune Regulation.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- IL-21/IL-21R signaling renders acute myeloid leukemia stem cells more susceptible to cytarabine treatment and CAR T cell therapy.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Advances in pathogenesis and treatment of ocular involvement in Behcet's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Multicellular immune dynamics implicate PIM1 as a potential therapeutic target for uveitis.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Impact of IL-21-associated peripheral and brain crosstalk on the Alzheimer's disease neuropathology.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- Modeling cell-specific dynamics and regulation of the common gamma chain cytokines.Cell reports · 2021Article
- Research Progress on the Mechanism of Natural Product Ingredients in the Treatment of Uveitis.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
- STAT3 deficiency in B cells exacerbates uveitis by promoting expansion of pathogenic lymphocytes and suppressing regulatory B cells (Bregs) and Tregs.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Regulation of the germinal center and humoral immunity by interleukin-21.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2020Review
- AAV Mediated Delivery of Myxoma Virus M013 Gene Protects the Retina against Autoimmune Uveitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Resolution of uveitis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2019Review
- Inhibition of IL-2 responsiveness by IL-6 is required for the generation of GC-TScience immunology · 2019Article
- Fine-Tuning Cytokine Signals.Annual review of immunology · 2019Review
- IL-21/type I interferon interplay regulates neutrophil-dependent innate immune responses toeLife · 2019Article
- Immunopathogenesis of Behcet's Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- The Common Cytokine Receptor γ Chain Family of Cytokines.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2018Review
- Re-programming immunosurveillance in persistent non-infectious ocular inflammation.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2018Review
- Dynamic regulation of T follicular regulatory cell responses by interleukin 2 during influenza infection.Nature immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
IL-21 is a pleiotropic type 1 cytokine that shares the common cytokine receptor γ-chain, γ(c), with IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15. IL-21 is most homologous to IL-2. These cytokines are encoded by adjacent genes, but they are functionally distinct. Whereas IL-2 promotes development of regulatory T cells and confers protection from autoimmune disease, IL-21 promotes differentiation of Th17 cells and is implicated in several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes and systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the roles of IL-21 and IL-2 in CNS autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and uveitis have been controversial. Here, we generated Il21-mCherry/Il2-emGFP dual-reporter transgenic mice and showed that development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) correlated with the presence of T cells coexpressing IL-21 and IL-2 into the retina. Furthermore, Il21r(-/-) mice were more resistant to EAU development than wild-type mice, and adoptive transfer of Il21r(-/-) T cells induced much less severe EAU, underscoring the need for IL-21 in the development of this disease and suggesting that blocking IL-21/γ(c)-signaling pathways may provide a means for controlling CNS auto-inflammatory diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.