Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21593296›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2011

Four weeks of treatment with liraglutide reduces insulin dose without loss of glycemic control in type 1 diabetic patients with and without residual beta-cell function.

Urd Kielgast, Thure Krarup, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
11.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Metabolic dysfunction and the use of adjunct medications in type 1 diabetes.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Urd KielgastDepartment of Endocrinology, Hvidovre University Hospital, and Department of Biomedical Sciences, the Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. urd.kielgast@hvh.regionh.dk
Thure Krarup
Jens Juul Holst
Sten Madsbad
Hvidovre Hospital · DKBispebjerg Hospital · DKUniversity of Copenhagen · DK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the effect of 4 weeks of treatment with liraglutide on insulin dose and glycemic control in type 1 diabetic patients with and without residual β-cell function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsTen type 1 diabetic patients with residual β-cell function (C-peptide positive) and 19 without (C-peptide negative) were studied. All C-peptide-positive patients were treated with liraglutide plus insulin, whereas C-peptide-negative patients were randomly assigned to liraglutide plus insulin or insulin monotherapy. Continuous glucose monitoring with identical food intake and physical activity was performed before (week 0) and during (week 4) treatment. Differences in insulin dose; HbA1c; time spent with blood glucose<3.9, >10, and 3.9-9.9 mmol/L; and body weight were evaluated.

resultsInsulin dose decreased from 0.50±0.06 to 0.31±0.08 units/kg per day (P<0.001) in C-peptide-positive patients and from 0.72±0.08 to 0.59±0.06 units/kg per day (P<0.01) in C-peptide-negative patients treated with liraglutide but did not change with insulin monotherapy. HbA1c decreased in both liraglutide-treated groups. The percent reduction in daily insulin dose was positively correlated with β-cell function at baseline, and two patients discontinued insulin treatment. In C-peptide-positive patients, time spent with blood glucose<3.9 mmol/L decreased from 3.0 to 1.0 h (P=0.03). A total of 18 of 19 patients treated with liraglutide lost weight during treatment (mean [range] -2.3±0.3 kg [-0.5 to -5.1]; P<0.001). Transient gastrointestinal adverse effects occurred in almost all patients treated with liraglutide.

conclusionsTreatment with liraglutide in type 1 diabetic patients reduces insulin dose with improved or unaltered glycemic control.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultBlood GlucoseC-PeptideDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Exercise TestFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin-Secreting CellsLiraglutideMaleMiddle AgedWeight LossBlood GlucoseC-PeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulinLiraglutide

Identifiers

PMID21593296
PMCPMC3120168
OpenAlexW2143996444

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.