Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21593182›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2011

The signal peptide of a recently integrated endogenous sheep betaretrovirus envelope plays a major role in eluding gag-mediated late restriction.

Alessia Armezzani, Frédérick Arnaud, Marco Caporale, Giuliapia di Meo, Leopoldo Iannuzzi, Claudio Murgia, Massimo Palmarini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Alessia ArmezzaniMRC, University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Q61 1QH, United Kingdom.
Frédérick Arnaud
Marco Caporale
Giuliapia di Meo
Leopoldo Iannuzzi
Claudio Murgia
Massimo Palmarini
MRC University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research · GBConsorzio Roma Ricerche · ITÉcole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse · FRIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale · ITNational Research Council · IT

Funding

Endogenous Retroviruses and Placental MorphogenesisR01HD052745 · NICHD · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SPENCER, THOMAS E · 2007 to 2011
$1.2M
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilMedical Research Council G0801822NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD052745Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust HD052745
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The exogenous and pathogenic Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) coexists with highly related and biologically active endogenous retroviruses (enJSRVs). The endogenous enJS56A1 locus possesses a defective Gag polyprotein which blocks the late replication steps of related exogenous and endogenous retroviruses by a mechanism known as JSRV late restriction (JLR). Conversely, enJSRV-26, which most likely integrated into the sheep genome less than 200 years ago, is able to escape JLR. In this study, we demonstrate that the ability of enJSRV-26 to escape JLR is due to a single-amino-acid substitution in the signal peptide (SP) of its envelope glycoprotein. We show that enJSRV-26 SP does not localize to the nucleolus, unlike the functional SPs of related exogenous and endogenous sheep betaretroviruses. In addition, enJSRV-26 SP function as a posttranscriptional regulator of viral gene expression is impaired. enJSRV-26 JLR escape relies on the presence of the functional enJS56A1 SP. Moreover, we show that the ratio between enJSRV-26 and enJS56A1 Gag is critical to elude JLR. Interestingly, we found that the domestic sheep has acquired, by genome amplification, several copies of the enJS56A1 provirus. These data further reinforce the notion that transdominant enJSRV proviruses have been positively selected in domestic sheep, and that the coevolution between endogenous and exogenous sheep betaretroviruses and their host is still occurring.

Indexed as

Genes, gagProtein Sorting SignalsAnimalsBetaretrovirusBlotting, WesternCell LineChlorocebus aethiopsCOS CellsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayHumansMicroscopy, ConfocalPolymerase Chain ReactionSheepProtein Sorting Signals

Identifiers

PMID21593182
PMCPMC3126591
OpenAlexW2133739052

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.