ArticlePloS one2011
Human tear fluid lipidome: from composition to function.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Droplet Evaporimeter for Evaluating Eye Care Formulations.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Exploratory multi-biofluid proteomic profiling of acute exercise responses in plasma, tear fluid, and nasal secretions.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Locally ordered junctions govern diffusion in triglycerides: insights from molecular dynamics simulations.RSC advances · 2025Article
- A Look into Ocular Diseases: The Pivotal Role of Omics Sciences in Ophthalmology Research.ACS measurement science au · 2024Review
- Metabolomic changes in tear fluid following zinc biofortification in the BiZiFED nutritional study: a feasibility study.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Preparation and Characterization Studies of Dorzolamide-Loaded Ophthalmic Implants for Treating Glaucoma.Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Article
- Biomedical Applications of Lactoferrin on the Ocular Surface.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Review
- Impact of Pollutant Ozone on the Biophysical Properties of Tear Film Lipid Layer Model Membranes.Membranes · 2023Article
- Nonpolar Lipids Contribute to Midday Fogging During Scleral Lens Wear.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Review
- Emerging Applications of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Tear Film Analysis.Biosensors · 2022Review
- The role of sphingolipids in meibomian gland dysfunction and ocular surface inflammation.The ocular surface · 2022Review
- Targeted Analysis of Tears Revealed Specific Altered Metal Homeostasis in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Meibum sphingolipid composition is altered in individuals with meibomian gland dysfunction-a side by side comparison of Meibum and Tear Sphingolipids.The ocular surface · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Tear Lipids in the Ocular Surface Defense.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Mass spectrometry analysis of human tear fluid biomarkers specific for ocular and systemic diseases in the context of 3P medicine.The EPMA journal · 2021Review
- Human meibum and tear film derived (O-acyl)-omega-hydroxy fatty acids in meibomian gland dysfunction.The ocular surface · 2021Article
- Hyaluronic acid-lipid binding.BMC chemistry · 2021Article
- Lipidomics Analysis of the Tears in the Patients Receiving LASIK, FS-LASIK, or SBK Surgery.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have explored human aqueous tear fluid lipidome with an emphasis to identify the major lipids. We also address the physiological significance of the lipidome. The tears were analysed using thin layer chromatographic, enzymatic and mass spectrometric techniques. To emphasize the physiological aspect of the lipidome, we modelled the spreading of the non-polar tear fluid lipids at air-water interface in macroscopic scale with olive oil and egg yolk phosphatidylcholine. Based on enzymatic analysis the respective concentrations of choline-containing lipids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters were 48±14, 10±0, and 21±18 µM. Ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry analysis showed that phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were the two most common polar lipids comprising 88±6% of all identified lipids. Triglycerides were the only non-polar lipids detected in mass spectrometric analysis i.e. no cholesteryl or wax esters were identified. The spreading experiments show that the presence of polar lipids is an absolute necessity for a proper spreading of non-polar tear fluid lipids. We provide evidence that polar lipids are the most common lipid species. Furthermore, we provide a physiological rationale for the observed lipid composition. The results open insights into the functional role of lipids in the tear fluid and also aids in providing new means to understand and treat diseases of the ocular surface.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.