ArticlePloS one2011
CRISPR inhibition of prophage acquisition in Streptococcus pyogenes.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed.
- CRISPR-Cas immune repertoires as an ecological record of bacterial interactions with mobile genetic elements in the human gut.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Defense Systems and Prophage Detection in Streptococcus mutans Strains.Molecular oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Conditional activation of Cas13 enforces lysogeny in a native type VI-A CRISPR host.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Targeting Horizontal Gene Transfer to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: A Review of Mechanisms, Drivers, and Multi-Omics Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- CRISPR1-mediated virulence and erythromycin resistance stabilization drives regional dominance ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparative genomic analysis of Flavobacterium species causing columnaris disease of freshwater fish in Thailand: insights into virulence and resistance mechanisms.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- CRISPR typing and phage content of colonizing Group BFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Safety ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Taxonomic Distribution, Phylogenetic Relationship, and Domain Conservation of CRISPR-Associated Cas Proteins.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2024Article
- Recent Trends and Advancements in CRISPR-Based Tools for Enhancing Resistance against Plant Pathogens.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- CRISPR-Cas systems: role in cellular processes beyond adaptive immunity.Folia microbiologica · 2022Review
- Novel PCR detection of CRISPR/Cas systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its correlation with antibiotic resistance.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Genomic insights into phage-host interaction in the deep-sea chemolithoautotrophic Campylobacterota, Nitratiruptor.ISME communications · 2022Article
- Comparing Genomic Characteristics ofAnnals of laboratory medicine · 2022Article
- Theragnostic application of nanoparticle and CRISPR against food-borne multi-drug resistant pathogens.Materials today. Bio · 2022Review
- Challenges of CRISPR-Based Gene Editing in Primary T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Distribution, Diversity and Roles of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Human and Animal Pathogenic Streptococci.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- CRISPR inactivation by integration.Nature microbiology · 2021Article
- Prophage integration into CRISPR loci enables evasion of antiviral immunity in Streptococcus pyogenes.Nature microbiology · 2021Article
- Safety and robustness aspects analysis of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus LDB-C1 based on the genome analysis and biological tests.Archives of microbiology · 2021Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes, one of the major human pathogens, is a unique species since it has acquired diverse strain-specific virulence properties mainly through the acquisition of streptococcal prophages. In addition, S. pyogenes possesses clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas systems that can restrict horizontal gene transfer (HGT) including phage insertion. Therefore, it was of interest to examine the relationship between CRISPR and acquisition of prophages in S. pyogenes. Although two distinct CRISPR loci were found in S. pyogenes, some strains lacked CRISPR and these strains possess significantly more prophages than CRISPR harboring strains. We also found that the number of spacers of S. pyogenes CRISPR was less than for other streptococci. The demonstrated spacer contents, however, suggested that the CRISPR appear to limit phage insertions. In addition, we found a significant inverse correlation between the number of spacers and prophages in S. pyogenes. It was therefore suggested that S. pyogenes CRISPR have permitted phage insertion by lacking its own spacers. Interestingly, in two closely related S. pyogenes strains (SSI-1 and MGAS315), CRISPR activity appeared to be impaired following the insertion of phage genomes into the repeat sequences. Detailed analysis of this prophage insertion site suggested that MGAS315 is the ancestral strain of SSI-1. As a result of analysis of 35 additional streptococcal genomes, it was suggested that the influences of the CRISPR on the phage insertion vary among species even within the same genus. Our results suggested that limitations in CRISPR content could explain the characteristic acquisition of prophages and might contribute to strain-specific pathogenesis in S. pyogenes.
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