ReviewBiological psychiatry2011
Transcranial magnetic stimulation: a neuroscientific probe of cortical function in schizophrenia.
Review in Biological psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Motor cortical plasticity in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - Electromyography studies.Schizophrenia research · 2019Pooled it
- Intermittent theta burst stimulation of cerebellar vermis enhances fronto-cerebellar resting state functional connectivity in schizophrenia with predominant negative symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.Schizophrenia research · 2021Trial
- Navigated and individual α-peak-frequency-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation in male patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPNTrial
- Causal interhemispheric neuromodulation sharpens synaptic and neurobehavioral inhibition in stroke.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Clinical development and guiding theory of transcranial magnetic stimulation: a literature review.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Vibration stimulation to the lower limbs improves freezing of gait and modifies cortical electrical activities in Parkinson's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Article
- The efficacy and safety of dual-target rTMS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and cerebellum in the treatment of negative symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia: Protocol for a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2025Article
- [Comparative analysis of the impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and burst transcranial magnetic stimulation at different frequencies on memory function and neuronal excitability of mice].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2024Article
- Reduction of intracortical inhibition (ICI) correlates with cognitive performance and psychopathology symptoms in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Excitation/inhibition imbalance in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of inhibitory and excitatory TMS-EMG paradigms.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- GABAergic dysfunction in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: implications for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and affective disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Pre-treatment frontal beta events are associated with executive dysfunction improvement after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression: A preliminary report.Journal of psychiatric research · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Low-Intensity Magnetic Field Stimulation in 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease: From Inflammation to Motor Function.Annals of neurosciences · 2023Article
- Current evidence, clinical applications, and future directions of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Assessing the mechanisms of brain plasticity by transcranial magnetic stimulation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Age-related changes in motor cortex plasticity assessed with non-invasive brain stimulation: an update and new perspectives.Experimental brain research · 2021Review
- Modulation of motor cortical excitability by continuous theta-burst stimulation in adults with autism spectrum disorder.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Article
- TMS-EEG Research to Elucidate the Pathophysiological Neural Bases in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Assessment of Cortical Plasticity in Schizophrenia by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.Neural plasticity · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neuropsychiatric tool that can serve as a useful method to better understand the neurobiology of cognitive function, behavior, and emotional processing. The purpose of this article is to examine the utility of TMS as a means to measure neocortical function in neuropsychiatric disorders in general, and schizophrenia in particular, for the Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia initiative. When incorporating TMS paradigms in research studies, methodologic considerations include technical aspects of TMS, cohort selection and confounding factors, and subject safety. Available evidence suggests benefits of TMS alone or in combination with neurophysiologic and neuroimaging methods, including positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional near infrared spectroscopy, magnetoencephalography, and electroencephalography, to explore neocortical function. With the multiple TMS techniques including single-pulse, paired-pulse, paired associative stimulation, and repetitive TMS and theta burst stimulation, combined with neurophysiologic and neuroimaging methods, there exists a plethora of TMS experimental paradigms to modulate neocortical physiologic processes. Specifically, TMS can measure cortical excitability, intracortical inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms, and local and network cortical plasticity. Coupled with functional and electrophysiologic modalities, TMS can provide insight into the mechanisms underlying healthy neurodevelopment and aging, as well as neuropsychiatric pathology. Thus, TMS could be a useful tool in the Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia armamentarium of biomarker methods. Future investigations are warranted to optimize TMS methodologies for this purpose.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.