Trial reportClinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN2011
Short-term effects of rituximab in children with steroid- and calcineurin-dependent nephrotic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 120 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ofatumumab in Children With Steroid- and Calcineurin-inhibitor-resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: a Double-blind Randomized, Controlled, Superiority Trial
Ofatumumab Versus Rituximab in Children With Steroid and Calcineurin Inhibitor-dependent Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: an Open-label, Randomized, Controlled, Superiority Trial.
Use of IL-2 for Pediatric, Multi Drug Resistant, Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Rituximab in Patients With Low Dose Steroid-dependent Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 213 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Rituximab May Have Positive Effect on Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Rituximab for Steroid-Dependent or Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome in Children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- The Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab for Childhood Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- The efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome: a meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2020Pooled it
- Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Treating Immune-Mediated Disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Rituximab shows no effect on remission in patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome: A MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of rituximab in treating childhood refractory nephrotic syndrome: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- Clinical practice guideline for pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 2013: medical therapy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2015Guideline
- Treatment of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: new guidelines from KDIGO.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2013Guideline
- Steroid-sparing drugs in children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome: a target trial emulation.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of rituximab versus tacrolimus in difficult-to-treat steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: an open-label pilot randomized controlled trial.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Trial
- Rituximab for very low dose steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in children: a randomized controlled study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Trial
- Low-dose ofatumumab for multidrug-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of rituximab in childhood-onset, difficult-to-treat nephrotic syndrome: A multicenter open-label trial in Korea.Medicine · 2018Trial
- Efficacy of Rituximab vs Tacrolimus in Pediatric Corticosteroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Low-dose ofatumumab for rituximab-resistant nephrotic syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2015Trial
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesPrednisone and calcineurin inhibitors are the mainstay therapy of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children. However, drug dependence and toxicity associated with protracted use are common. Case series suggest that the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab (RTX) may maintain disease remission. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: This open-label randomized controlled trial was powered to show that a strategy based on RTX and lower doses of prednisone and calcineurin inhibitors was noninferior to standard doses of these agents in maintaining 3-month proteinuria as low as baseline or up to 1 g/d greater (noninferiority margin). Participants were stratified by the presence of toxicity to prednisone/calcineurin inhibitors and centrally assigned to add RTX (Mabthera, 375 mg/m(2) intravenously) to lower doses of standard agents or to continue with current therapy alone. The risk of relapse was a secondary outcome.
resultsFifty-four children (mean age 11 ± 4 years) with INS dependent on prednisone and calcineurin inhibitors for >12 months were randomized. Three-month proteinuria was 70% lower in the RTX arm (95% confidence interval 35% to 86%) as compared with standard therapy arm (intention-to-treat); relapse rates were 18.5% (intervention) and 48.1% (standard arm) (P = 0.029). Probabilities of being drug-free at 3 months were 62.9% and 3.7%, respectively (P < 0.001); 50% of RTX cases were in stable remission without drugs after 9 months.
conclusionsRituximab and lower doses of prednisone and calcineurin inhibitors are noninferior to standard therapy in maintaining short-term remission in children with INS dependent on both drugs and allow their temporary withdrawal.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.