ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2012
System xc⁻ cystine/glutamate antiporter: an update on molecular pharmacology and roles within the CNS.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 322 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
322 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 518 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in treating gastric cancer: a focus on the ferroptosis regulation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Review of ferroptosis in colorectal cancer: Friends or foes?World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Pooled it
- Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of BI 1595043, a Selective Vanin Inhibitor, in Phase 1 Clinical Trials Involving Healthy Volunteers.Clinical and translational science · 2025Trial
- The SLC7A11 Thermostat: A Molecular Signaling Switch Between Ferroptosis and Disulfidptosis in Neurodegenerative Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Repurposing approved drugs as ferroptosis modulators: a critical review of clinical trials in cancer and neurodegeneration.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Emerging Role of Ferroptosis in Chemotherapy-Associated Hepatorenal Toxicity: Mechanistic Insights and Toxicological Perspectives.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Tumor cell ferroptosis in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy efficacy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Benzothiazole Derivatives as Dual Modulators of PGE2 and GABAergic Signaling in Skeletal Muscle.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Unveiling melatonin's multifaceted actions against ferroptotic neurotoxicity in ischemic stroke.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective effects of sulfasalazine in experimental model of seizures and epilepsy.BMC neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into ferroptosis in thyroid cancer and its therapeutic implications.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- QD394 induces ferroptosis and suppresses the proliferation of colorectal cancer via the SP1/JNK pathway.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
- Plasma Membrane Redox Failure Links COVID-19 Metabolic Stress to Ferroptotic Neurodegeneration.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The AMPK-BECN1-System Xc⁻ Pathway in Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Exosome-Based Therapy.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Interconnected cell death pathways: central mechanisms and therapeutic targets in impaired follicular development of polycystic ovary syndrome.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- MC-100093, a synthetic beta-lactam compound, and ceftriaxone modulate nicotine consumption, neuroinflammation and glutamatergic transporters in a nicotine self-administration mouse model.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Curing the brain: in search for new astrocyte-specific therapies.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis-Driven Neuronal Damage Exacerbation in Diabetic Stroke: Implications of SLC7A11 Inhibition.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Role and mechanisms of ferroptosis in cognitive impairment: From molecular pathways to therapeutic targets (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Impact of obesity on aromatic amino acids and brain glucose during acute hyperglycemia.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
262 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
System x(c)(-) is an amino acid antiporter that typically mediates the exchange of extracellular l-cystine and intracellular L-glutamate across the cellular plasma membrane. Studied in a variety of cell types, the import of L-cystine through this transporter is critical to glutathione production and oxidative protection. The exchange-mediated export of L-glutamate takes on added significance within the CNS, as it represents a non-vesicular route of release through which this excitatory neurotransmitter can participate in either neuronal signalling or excitotoxic pathology. When both the import of L-cystine and the export of L-glutamate are taken into consideration, system x(c)(-) has now been linked to a wide range of CNS functions, including oxidative protection, the operation of the blood-brain barrier, neurotransmitter release, synaptic organization, viral pathology, drug addiction, chemosensitivity and chemoresistance, and brain tumour growth. The ability to selectively manipulate system x(c)(-), delineate its function, probe its structure and evaluate it as a therapeutic target is closely linked to understanding its pharmacology and the subsequent development of selective inhibitors and substrates. Towards that goal, this review will examine the current status of our understanding of system x(c)(-) pharmacology and the structure-activity relationships that have guided the development of an initial pharmacophore model, including the presence of lipophilic domains adjacent to the substrate binding site. A special emphasis is placed on the roles of system x(c)(-) within the CNS, as it is these actions that are among the most exciting as potential long-range therapeutic targets.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.