ArticleCurrent genetics2011
Visualization of the synergistic effect of lithium acetate and single-stranded carrier DNA on Saccharomyces cerevisiae transformation.
Article in Current genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sucrose-driven carbon redox rebalancing eliminates the Crabtree effect and boosts energy metabolism in yeast.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Enhancing Yeast Transformation: Achieving up to a Tenfold Increase Through a Single Adjustment in the Lithium Acetate-Polyethylene Glycol Method.Yeast (Chichester, England) · 2025Review
- Genome-wide analysis reveals Hsf1 maintains high transcript abundance of target genes controlled by strong constitutive promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2023Article
- Bacteria and Yeast Colony PCR.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- High-Efficiency Plasmid DNA Transformation in Yeast.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Generally Applicable Transformation Protocols for Fluorescent Nanodiamond Internalization into Cells.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Development of a sufficient and effective procedure for transformation of an oleaginous yeast, Rhodosporidium toruloides DMKU3-TK16.Current genetics · 2017Article
- rDNA Copy Number Variants Are Frequent Passenger Mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Deletion Collections and de Novo Transformants.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Article
- Ecologically driven competence for exogenous DNA uptake in yeast.Current microbiology · 2015Review
- Current technologies and related issues for mushroom transformation.Mycobiology · 2015Review
- Plasma membrane aminoglycerolipid flippase function is required for signaling competence in the yeast mating pheromone response pathway.Molecular biology of the cell · 2015Article
- An optimized transformation protocol for Lipomyces starkeyi.Current genetics · 2014Article
- Enhancement of plasmid DNA transformation efficiencies in early stationary-phase yeast cell cultures.Yeast (Chichester, England) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transformation is an indispensable method for the genetic manipulation of cells. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be transformed by incubating intact cells and plasmid DNA in the presence of polyethylene glycol alone. Lithium acetate (LiAc) and single-stranded carrier DNA (ssDNA) enhance the transformation efficiency, but the mechanism underlying this enhancement has remained elusive. In this study, we first confirmed that LiAc and ssDNA synergistically improve the transformation efficiency of S. cerevisiae intact cells. We then used transmission electron microscopy to observe the cell walls of yeast incubated with both LiAc and ssDNA in the presence of negatively charged Nanogold (in this context, a mimic of DNA). Under these conditions, the cell walls exhibited protruded, loose, and porous structures. The Nanogold was observed within the cell wall, rather than on the surface. We also made observations using YOYO-1, a fluorescent DNA probe. Based on the transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence data, we speculated that ssDNA covers the whole cell and enters, at least partially, into the cell wall structure, causing the cell wall to become protruded, loose, and porous; meanwhile, LiAc produces effect on the cell wall. Together, the two compounds synergistically enhance the transformation efficiency and frequency.
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