Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21559738›Full record

ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2011

Gender bias in gastroparesis: is nitric oxide the answer?

P R R Gangula, K R Sekhar, S Mukhopadhyay

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Functions ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
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  19. Article
  20. Pathophysiology, Aetiology and Treatment of Gastroparesis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

P R R GangulaDepartment of Physiology, Center for Women's Health Research, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd, Nashville, TN 37208, USA. pgangula@mmc.edu
K R Sekhar
S Mukhopadhyay
Meharry Medical College · USVanderbilt University · US

Funding

TRANSGENIC MOUSE/ ES CELL SHARES RESOURCESP60DK020593 · NIDDK · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI POWERS, ALVIN C · 1986 to 2011
$28.1M
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND INCREASED RISK OF UTERINE FIBROIDS IN AFRICAN AMERICANSG12RR003032 · NCRR · MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE · PI RAO, UMA · 1985 to 2011
$27.4M
Technologies and Resources CoreU54MD007593 · NIMHD · MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE · PI ADUNYAH, SAMUEL EVANS · 2012 to 2018
$24.7M
TECHNOLOGIES AND RESOURCES FOR CORE LABORATORIESU54RR026140 · NCRR · MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE · PI GOODWIN, JEFFREY SHAWN · 2009 to 2011
$12.9M
Nitric Oxide and gastric motility in female diabeticsR21DK076704 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI GANGULA, PANDU R · 2008 to 2010
$501k
NCRR NIH HHS G12 RR003032NCRR NIH HHS G12RR03032NCRR NIH HHS U54 RR026140NIDDK NIH HHS P60 DK020593NIDDK NIH HHS P60DK020593NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK076704NIMHD NIH HHS U54 MD007593PHS HHS R21DKO76704
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that gender-related differences are prominent in gastric motility functions in both health and disease. Women are more susceptible to gastroparesis than men. Though the mechanism(s) involved are not fully understood, impairment of the nitrergic system is one of the main factors responsible for the disease. Uncoupling of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) causes a decreased synthesis of NO leading to a reduction in smooth muscle relaxation. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) (an essential cofactor for nNOS) is a key regulator of nNOS activity for stomach dysfunction and gastroparesis. In addition, BH(4) has been shown to be a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Well established by results from our laboratory, a diminished intracellular (BH(4):total biopterin) ratio in diabetic female rats significantly impairs nNOS activity and function. Recent research has been focused on BH(4) biosynthesis and gastroparesis because reduced BH(4) cofactor levels can alter the production of NO by nNOS. Researchers are now paying more attention to the possibility of using BH(4) as a therapeutic strategy in gastroparesis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the regulation and function of nNOS by sex hormones and BH(4) and its potential role in the treatment of gastroparesis.

Indexed as

Sex CharacteristicsAnimalsBiopterinsFemaleGastroparesisGonadal Steroid HormonesHumansMaleNitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IBiopterinsGonadal Steroid HormonesNitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type Isapropterin

Identifiers

PMID21559738
PMCPMC3170494
OpenAlexW2076327317

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.