ReviewExpert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology2011
Reversible and irreversible protein glutathionylation: biological and clinical aspects.
Review in Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Oral Liposomal Glutathione in Altering the Immune Responses AgainstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Trial
- Sulfur amino acid restriction and caloric restriction induce divergent redox metabolism-related adaptations in male F344 rats.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2026Article
- Dynamic Self-Clickable Decellularized Matrix Hydrogels for Regulating Vascularity and Enhancing Muscle Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- An In Vitro Study of Protein S-Glutathionylation by Members of the CLIC Protein Family.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Mechanism of Abnormal Activation of MEK1 Induced by Dehydroalanine Modification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Nuclear factor kappa B expression in non-small cell lung cancer.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2023Review
- Structural-functional aberrations of erythrocytes in the northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus Pallas, 1779) that inhabits the zone of influence of the copper smelter (the Middle Ural).Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2023Article
- Improved production of class I lanthipeptides inChemical science · 2023Article
- Glutathione-Related Enzymes and Proteins: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Regulation of Mitochondrial Hydrogen Peroxide Availability by Protein S-glutathionylation.Cells · 2022Review
- Glyoxalase 2: Towards a Broader View of the Second Player of the Glyoxalase System.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Exogenous L-Glutathione Improves Vitrification Outcomes in Murine Preimplantation Embryos.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- MitochondrialAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Newly synthesized chitosan-nanoparticles attenuate carbendazim hepatorenal toxicity in rats via activation of Nrf2/HO1 signalling pathway.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Impact of Hydrotherapy on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in an Elderly Population.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Metabolic Shades of S-D-Lactoylglutathione.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A Resourceful Race: Bacterial Scavenging of Host Sulfur Metabolism during Colonization.Infection and immunity · 2022Review
- Profiling the Concentration of Reduced and Oxidized Glutathione in Rat Brain Using HPLC/DAD Chromatographic System.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- LanCLs add glutathione to dehydroamino acids generated at phosphorylated sites in the proteome.Cell · 2021Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDepending in part on the glutathione:glutathione disulfide ratio, reversible protein glutathionylation to a mixed disulfide may occur. Reversible glutathionylation is important in protecting proteins against oxidative stress, guiding correct protein folding, regulating protein activity and modulating proteins critical to redox signaling. The potential also exists for irreversible protein glutathionylation via Michael addition of an -SH group to a dehydroalanyl residue, resulting in formation of a stable, non-reducible thioether linkage. AREAS COVERED: This article reviews factors contributing to reversible and irreversible protein glutathionylation and their biomedical implications. It also examines the possibility that certain drugs such as busulfan may be toxic by promoting irreversible glutathionylation. The reader will gain an appreciation of the protective nature and control of function resulting from reversible protein glutathionylation. The reader is also introduced to the recently identified phenomenon of irreversible protein glutathionylation and its possible deleterious effects. EXPERT OPINION: The process of reversible protein glutathionylation is now well established but these findings need to be substantiated at the tissue and organ levels, and also with disease state. That being said, irreversible protein glutathionylation can also occur and this has implications in disease and aging. Toxicologists should consider this when evaluating the possible side effects of certain drugs such as busulfan that may generate a glutathionylating species in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.