Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21556171›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2011

Combined toxic exposures and human health: biomarkers of exposure and effect.

Ilona Silins, Johan Högberg

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Biomaterials for biomarker imaging and detection.Journal of advanced research · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Association of PFAS, Metals, Phthalate and Organophosphate Metabolites with Depression Among U.S. Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Metabolomics and proteomics in occupational medicine: a comprehensive systematic review.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ilona SilinsInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. ilona.silins@ki.se
Johan Högberg
Karolinska Institutet · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Procedures for risk assessment of chemical mixtures, combined and cumulative exposures are under development, but the scientific database needs considerable expansion. In particular, there is a lack of knowledge on how to monitor effects of complex exposures, and there are few reviews on biomonitoring complex exposures. In this review we summarize articles in which biomonitoring techniques have been developed and used. Most examples describe techniques for biomonitoring effects which may detect early changes induced by many chemical stressors and which have the potential to accelerate data gathering. Some emphasis is put on endocrine disrupters acting via epigenetic mechanisms and on carcinogens. Solid evidence shows that these groups of chemicals can interact and even produce synergistic effects. They may act during sensitive time windows and biomonitoring their effects in epidemiological studies is a challenging task.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomarkersCarcinogensComplex MixturesEndocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental PollutantsEpigenesis, GeneticHumansOxidative StressRisk AssessmentBiomarkersCarcinogensComplex MixturesEndocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental Pollutantsbiomarkerschemical mixturecombined exposureoccupational exposure

Identifiers

PMID21556171
PMCPMC3083662
OpenAlexW2063570260

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.