ArticlePLoS computational biology2011
A stochastic model of latently infected cell reactivation and viral blip generation in treated HIV patients.
Article in PLoS computational biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological biomarkers predict HIV-1 viral rebound after treatment interruption.Nature communications · 2015Trial
- Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells sustain HIV reservoirs by inhibiting viral reactivation via arginase 1-mediated mechanisms.JCI insight · 2026Article
- AZD5582 robustly reactivates latently infected cells and clears the majority of those reactivated from the SIV reservoir.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clonal heterogeneity and antigenic stimulation shape persistence of the latent reservoir of HIV.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Modelling HIV-1 control and remission.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2024Review
- Understanding early HIV-1 rebound dynamics following antiretroviral therapy interruption: The importance of effector cell expansion.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Modeling dynamics of acute HIV infection incorporating density-dependent cell death and multiplicity of infection.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Understanding early HIV-1 rebound dynamics following antiretroviral therapy interruption: The importance of effector cell expansion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Single-molecule RNA-FISH analysis reveals stochasticity in reactivation of latent HIV-1 regulated by Nuclear Orphan Receptors NR4A and cMYC.Research square · 2024Article
- Low-level viremia episodes appear to affect the provirus composition of the circulating cellular HIV reservoir during antiretroviral therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- The effect of random virus failure following cell entry on infection outcome and the success of antiviral therapy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Dynamics of a new HIV model with the activation status of infected cells.Journal of mathematical biology · 2021Article
- Unified model of short- and long-term HIV viral rebound for clinical trial planning.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2021Article
- Quantifying the clonality and dynamics of the within-host HIV-1 latent reservoir.Virus evolution · 2021Article
- Pre-existing resistance in the latent reservoir can compromise VRC01 therapy during chronic HIV-1 infection.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- Principles Governing Establishment versus Collapse of HIV-1 Cellular Spread.Cell host & microbe · 2019Article
- Predictions of time to HIV viral rebound following ART suspension that incorporate personal biomarkers.PLoS computational biology · 2019Article
- Determinants of the efficacy of HIV latency-reversing agents and implications for drug and treatment design.JCI insight · 2018Article
- Trade-off between synergy and efficacy in combinations of HIV-1 latency-reversing agents.PLoS computational biology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Motivated by viral persistence in HIV+ patients on long-term anti-retroviral treatment (ART), we present a stochastic model of HIV viral dynamics in the blood stream. We consider the hypothesis that the residual viremia in patients on ART can be explained principally by the activation of cells latently infected by HIV before the initiation of ART and that viral blips (clinically-observed short periods of detectable viral load) represent large deviations from the mean. We model the system as a continuous-time, multi-type branching process. Deriving equations for the probability generating function we use a novel numerical approach to extract the probability distributions for latent reservoir sizes and viral loads. We find that latent reservoir extinction-time distributions underscore the importance of considering reservoir dynamics beyond simply the half-life. We calculate blip amplitudes and frequencies by computing complete viral load probability distributions, and study the duration of viral blips via direct numerical simulation. We find that our model qualitatively reproduces short small-amplitude blips detected in clinical studies of treated HIV infection. Stochastic models of this type provide insight into treatment-outcome variability that cannot be found from deterministic models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.