Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21552319›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2011

Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a review.

Nilamadhab Kar

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04859686 nacompletednot on this map

Acupuncture and Meditation for Wellness (AMWELL)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesRan2008 to 2010Enrolled77ConditionsPTSDArmsMindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Acupuncture Treatment
NCT07309302 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Psychosocial Determinants and Impact of a Synchronous Remote Cognitive Remediation Program on Individuals With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversité du Québec a MontréalRan2025 to 2026Enrolled64ConditionsPost Traumatic Stress Disorder PTSDArmsCognitive Remediation Training, Control Group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 256 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. The Effectiveness of Debriefing on the Mental Health of Rescue Teams: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pain Assessment--Can it be Done with a Computerised System? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016
    Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nilamadhab KarDepartment of Psychiatry, Wolverhampton City Primary Care Trust, Wolverhampton, UK.
The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric sequel to a stressful event or situation of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been used in the management of PTSD for many years. This paper reviews the effectiveness of CBT for the treatment of PTSD following various types of trauma, its potential to prevent PTSD, methods used in CBT, and reflects on the mechanisms of action of CBT in PTSD.

methodsElectronic databases, including PubMed, were searched for articles on CBT and PTSD. Manual searches were conducted for cross-references in the relevant journal sites.

resultsThe current literature reveals robust evidence that CBT is a safe and effective intervention for both acute and chronic PTSD following a range of traumatic experiences in adults, children, and adolescents. However, nonresponse to CBT by PTSD can be as high as 50%, contributed to by various factors, including comorbidity and the nature of the study population. CBT has been validated and used across many cultures, and has been used successfully by community therapists following brief training in individual and group settings. There has been effective use of Internet-based CBT in PTSD. CBT has been found to have a preventive role in some studies, but evidence for definitive recommendations is inadequate. The effect of CBT has been mediated mostly by the change in maladaptive cognitive distortions associated with PTSD. Many studies also report physiological, functional neuroimaging, and electroencephalographic changes correlating with response to CBT.

conclusionThere is scope for further research on implementation of CBT following major disasters, its preventive potential following various traumas, and the neuropsychological mechanisms of action.

Indexed as

cognitive behavioral therapymechanisms of actionpost-traumatic stress disorderpreventiontraumatreatment

Identifiers

PMID21552319
PMCPMC3083990
OpenAlexW2015938677

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.