Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21550421›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomedical informatics2011

Enabling enrichment analysis with the Human Disease Ontology.

Paea LePendu, Mark A Musen, Nigam H Shah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomedical informatics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Integrating ontologies of human diseases, phenotypes, and radiological diagnosis.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2019
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Deep Learning Meets Biomedical Ontologies: Knowledge Embeddings for Epilepsy.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2017
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Evaluation of research in biomedical ontologies.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2013
    Article
  17. Enrichment analysis applied to disease prognosis.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2013
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Using ontology-based annotation to profile disease research.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2012
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Paea LePenduStanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, 251 Campus Drive, Medical School Office Building, Room X215, Mail Code 5479, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5479, USA. Electronic address: plependu@stanford.edu.
Mark A MusenStanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, 251 Campus Drive, Medical School Office Building, Room X215, Mail Code 5479, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5479, USA.
Nigam H ShahStanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, 251 Campus Drive, Medical School Office Building, Room X215, Mail Code 5479, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5479, USA.

Funding

STANFORD COMPOSITE(RMI)U54HG004028 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MUSEN, MARK A · 2005 to 2014
$36.2M
NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG004028
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advanced statistical methods used to analyze high-throughput data such as gene-expression assays result in long lists of "significant genes." One way to gain insight into the significance of altered expression levels is to determine whether Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with a particular biological process, molecular function, or cellular component are over- or under-represented in the set of genes deemed significant. This process, referred to as enrichment analysis, profiles a gene set, and is widely used to make sense of the results of high-throughput experiments. Our goal is to develop and apply general enrichment analysis methods to profile other sets of interest, such as patient cohorts from the electronic medical record, using a variety of ontologies including SNOMED CT, MedDRA, RxNorm, and others. Although it is possible to perform enrichment analysis using ontologies other than the GO, a key pre-requisite is the availability of a background set of annotations to enable the enrichment calculation. In the case of the GO, this background set is provided by the Gene Ontology Annotations. In the current work, we describe: (i) a general method that uses hand-curated GO annotations as a starting point for creating background datasets for enrichment analysis using other ontologies; and (ii) a gene-disease background annotation set - that enables disease-based enrichment - to demonstrate feasibility of our method.

Indexed as

DiseaseGene Expression ProfilingHumansMolecular Sequence AnnotationSoftware

Identifiers

PMID21550421
PMCPMC3392036

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.