ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2011
Discrepancies between prescribed and defined daily doses: a matter of patients or drug classes?
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Income-Based Disparities in Opioid Prescription Dispensing Among Public Drug Plan Beneficiaries in Canada from 2010 to 2018: A Population-Based and Sex-Stratified Retrospective Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2025Article
- Dose dependent relationship of metformin use and diabetic peripheral neuropathy risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dose-Dependent Relationship Between Long-Term Metformin Use and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Clinical drug investigation · 2025Article
- Mapping Worldwide Antibiotic Use in Dental Practices: A Scoping Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prescribed antiseizure medication doses and their relation to defined daily doses for achieving seizure freedom in newly diagnosed patients with epilepsy.Epilepsia open · 2023Article
- The Correlation between Metformin Use and Incident Dementia in Patients with New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Dose-response association of metformin use and risk of age-related macular degeneration among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Dose-Response Association of Metformin with Parkinson's Disease Odds in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Correlation between long-term use of metformin and incidence of NAFLD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Role of clinical pharmacists in epilepsy management at a general hospital in Vietnam: a before-and-after study.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2021Article
- The impact of in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation program on medication adherence and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Lazio region of Italy.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Observational
- Research Letter: Unmet Need for Hypertension Treatment in India: Evidence from Hypertension Drugs Market Data.Global heart · 2021Article
- In-hospital myocardial infarction and adherence to evidence-based drug therapies: a real-world evaluation.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Impact of sex differences in co-morbidities and medication adherence on outcome in 25 776 heart failure patients.ESC heart failure · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Antibiotics Prescription and Assessment of Prescribed Daily Dose in Outpatients from Mexico City.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Angioedemas associated with renin-angiotensin system blocking drugs: Comparative analysis of spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports.PloS one · 2020Article
- Real-life effectiveness of omalizumab in difficult-to-treatERJ open research · 2019Article
- Translating Benzodiazepine Utilization Data into Meaningful Population Exposure: Integration of Two Metrics for Improved Reporting.Clinical drug investigation · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
purposeDefined daily doses (DDD) are used for the measurement of drug utilisation. The aim of the study was to analyse whether differences between DDD and prescribed daily doses (PDD) exist for relevant drug classes such as antihypertensive drugs and, if so, whether they primarily depend on drug classes or patient-related factors.
methodsUsing the data of a large German statutory health insurance scheme, we analysed continuous prescriptions for the following antihypertensive drug classes: thiazide diuretics, beta-blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs). We summed the doses of all dispensed drugs per person during a defined time frame. We calculated the PDD (= total dose divided by the number of days) and expressed them as the PDD:DDD ratio (= amount of DDD per day and person).
resultsDuring the study period, 149,704 patients continuously received an antihypertensive medication. The average PDD:DDD ratio ranged from 0.84 (beta-blockers) to 1.88 (ARBs) and 2.17 (ACEIs). The average prescribed dosage of each drug class remained unchanged, even if the patients had previously received another antihypertensive drug with another PDD:DDD ratio. For example, if patients were switched from a beta-blocker to an ACEI, the PDD:DDD ratio increased, on average, from 0.79 to 2.17. Vice versa, the ratio decreased for patients with a drug change from an ACEI to a beta-blocker from 2.06 to 0.75.
conclusionsEven large differences between DDD and PDD seem to be a matter of drug classes and not primarily of patient characteristics.
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