ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2011
In vivo activity of Sapindus saponaria against azole-susceptible and -resistant human vaginal Candida species.
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extract of Sapindus saponaria L., a Native Amazonian Plant, Impacts Germ Cell Development and Modulates Longevity.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Review ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Human Nails Permeation of an Antifungal Candidate Hydroalcoholic Extract from the PlantMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Comparison of aglycon and glycosidic saponin extracts ofCurrent medical mycology · 2016Article
- Candida albicans PROTEIN PROFILE CHANGES IN RESPONSE TO THE BUTANOLIC EXTRACT OF Sapindus saponariaL.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2016Article
- Cellular Structural Changes in Candida albicans Caused by the Hydroalcoholic Extract from Sapindus saponaria L.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Early state research on antifungal natural products.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Review
- Spermicidal and anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity of Brazilian Sapindus saponaria.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudy of in vivo antifungal activity of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) and n-BuOH extract (BUTE) of Sapindus saponaria against azole-susceptible and -resistant human vaginal Candida spp.
methodsThe in vitro antifungal activity of HE, BUTE, fluconazole (FLU), and itraconazole (ITRA) was determined by the broth microdilution method. We obtained values of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) for 46 strains of C. albicans and 10 of C. glabrata isolated from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). VVC was induced in hyperestrogenic Wistar rats with azole-susceptible C. albicans (SCA), azole-resistant C. albicans (RCA), and azole-resistant C. glabrata (RCG). The rats were treated intravaginally with 0.1 mL of HE or BUTE at concentrations of 1%, 2.5% and 5%; 100 μg/mL of FLU (treatment positive control); or distilled water (negative control) at 1, 24, and 48 h after induction of the infection, and the progress of VVC was monitored by culturing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The toxicity was evaluated in cervical cells of the HeLa cell line.
resultsThe extracts showed in vitro inhibitory and fungicidal activity against all the isolates, and the MIC and MFC values for the C. glabrata isolates were slightly higher. In vivo, the SCA, RCA, and RCG infections were eliminated by 21 days post-infection, with up to 5% HE and BUTE, comparable to the activity of FLU. No cytotoxic action was observed for either extract.
conclusionsOur results demonstrated that HE and BUTE from S. saponaria show inhibitory and fungicidal activity in vitro, in addition to in vivo activity against azole-resistant vaginal isolates of C. glabrata and azole-susceptible and resistant isolates of C. albicans. Also considering the lack of cytotoxicity and the low concentrations of the extracts necessary to eliminate the infection in vivo, HE and BUTE show promise for continued studies with purified antifungal substances in VVC yeast isolates.
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