Trial reportAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism2011
Arginine synthesis from enteral glutamine in healthy adults in the fed state.
Trial report in American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impacts of conditionally essential amino acids, cysteine, and tyrosine on intestinal inflammation in celiac disease.Amino acids · 2025Review
- Gouty inflammation: genetic mechanisms towards flare therapy.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2025Review
- Targeting the glutamine-arginine-proline metabolism axis in cancer.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- HAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Tumor cell-derived asymmetric dimethylarginine regulates macrophage functions and polarization.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
- Endogenous glutamine is rate-limiting for anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 induced CD4+ T-cell proliferation and glycolytic activity under hypoxia and normoxia.The Biochemical journal · 2022Article
- Differences in Compositions of Gut Bacterial Populations and Bacteriophages in 5-11 Year-Olds Born Preterm Compared to Full Term.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Feeding a reduced protein diet with a near ideal amino acid profile improves amino acid efficiency and nitrogen utilization for milk production in sows1,2.Journal of animal science · 2019Article
- p53 Promotes Cancer Cell Adaptation to Glutamine Deprivation by Upregulating Slc7a3 to Increase Arginine Uptake.Cell reports · 2019Article
- Arginine reprogramming in ADPKD results in arginine-dependent cystogenesis.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2018Article
- Plasma Glutamine Is a Minor Precursor for the Synthesis of Citrulline: A Multispecies Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2017Article
- Enteral Glutamine Administration in Critically Ill Nonseptic Patients Does Not Trigger Arginine Synthesis.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2016Article
- Interrelationships between glutamine and citrulline metabolism.Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2016Review
- Multitracer stable isotope quantification of arginase and nitric oxide synthase activity in a mouse model of pseudomonas lung infection.Mediators of inflammation · 2014Article
- Alterations in glutamine metabolism and its conversion to citrulline in sepsis.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Article
- Arginine and ornithine are the main precursors for citrulline synthesis in mice.The Journal of nutrition · 2012Article
- Is glutamine still an important precursor of citrulline?American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies have documented transfer of labeled nitrogen from [2-(15)N]glutamine to citrulline and arginine in fasting human adults. Conversely, in neonates and piglets we have shown no synthesis of arginine from [2-(15)N]glutamate, and others have shown in mice that glutamine is a nitrogen, but not a carbon donor, for arginine synthesis. Therefore, we performed a multitracer study to determine whether glutamine is a nitrogen and/or carbon donor for arginine in healthy adult men. Two glutamine tracers, 2-(15)N and 1-(13)C, were given enterally to five healthy men fed a standardized milkshake diet. There was no difference in plasma enrichments between the two glutamine tracers. 1-(13)C isotopomers of citrulline and arginine were synthesized from [1-(13)C]glutamine. Three isotopomers each of citrulline and arginine were synthesized from the [2-(15)N]glutamine tracer: 2-(15)N, 5-(15)N, and 2,5-(15)N(2). Significantly greater enrichment was found of both [5-(15)N]arginine (0.75%) and citrulline (3.98%) compared with [2-(15)N]arginine (0.44%) and [2-(15)N]citrulline (2.62%), indicating the amino NH(2) from glutamine is mostly transferred to arginine and citrulline by transamination. Similarly, the enrichment of the 1-(13)C isotopomers was significantly less than the 2-(15)N isotopomers, suggesting rapid formation of α-ketoglutarate and recycling of the nitrogen label. Our results show that the carbon for 50% of newly synthesized arginine comes from dietary glutamine but that glutamine acts primarily as a nitrogen donor for arginine synthesis. Hence, studies using [2-(15)N]glutamine will overestimate arginine synthesis rates.
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