Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21536528›Full record

ArticleIEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering2011

A novel approach to dual excitation ratiometric optical mapping of cardiac action potentials with di-4-ANEPPS using pulsed LED excitation.

Andrew D Bachtel, Richard A Gray, Jayna M Stohlman, Elliot B Bourgeois, Andrew E Pollard, Jack M Rogers

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A Beginner's Guide to Cardiac Optical Mapping.Cardiovascular engineering and technology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Optical mapping of contracting hearts.The Journal of physiology · 2023
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Cardiac optical mapping - State-of-the-art and future challenges.The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology · 2020
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Sensing Senses: Optical Biosensors to Study Gustation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Review
  19. Optical mapping of electromechanics in intact organs.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2020
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Andrew D BachtelCovidien, Boulder, CO 80301, USA. andrew.bachtel@covidien.com
Richard A Gray
Jayna M Stohlman
Elliot B Bourgeois
Andrew E Pollard
Jack M Rogers

Funding

MECHANISMS FOR MAINTENANCE OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATIONR01HL064184 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI ROGERS, JACK M · 2000 to 2006
$1.7M
Novel Methods for Cardiac Micro-Impedance MeasurementR01HL092049 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI POLLARD, ANDREW EMIL · 2009 to 2014
$1.5M
Wavebreak at the Onset of Ventricular FibrillationR56HL064184 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI ROGERS, JACK M · 2009 to 2009
$330k
NHLBI NIH HHS HL64184NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL064184NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL092049NHLBI NIH HHS R56 HL064184
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We developed a new method for ratiometric optical mapping of transmembrane potential (V(m)) in cardiac preparations stained with di-4-ANEPPS. V(m)-dependent shifts of excitation and emission spectra establish two excitation bands (<481 and >481 nm) that produce fluorescence changes of opposite polarity within a single emission band (575-620 nm). The ratio of these positive and negative fluorescence signals (excitation ratiometry) increases V(m) sensitivity and removes artifacts common to both signals. We pulsed blue (450 ± 10 nm) and cyan (505 ± 15 nm) light emitting diodes (LEDs) at 375 Hz in alternating phase synchronized to a camera (750 frames-per-second). Fluorescence was bandpass filtered (585 ± 20 nm). This produced signals with upright (blue) and inverted (cyan) action potentials (APs) interleaved in sequential frames. In four whole swine hearts with motion chemically arrested, fractional fluorescence for blue, cyan, and ratio signals was 1.2 ± 0.3%, 1.2 ± 0.3%, and 2.4 ± 0.6%, respectively. Signal-to-noise ratios were 4.3 ± 1.4, 4.0 ± 1.2, and 5.8 ± 1.9, respectively. After washing out the electromechanical uncoupling agent, we characterized motion artifact by cross-correlating blue, cyan, and ratio signals with a signal with normal AP morphology. Ratiometry improved cross-correlation coefficients from 0.50 ± 0.48 to 0.81 ± 0.25, but did not cancel all motion artifacts. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of pulsed LED excitation ratiometry in myocardium.

Indexed as

Action PotentialsAnimalsArtifactsFemaleHeartMalePyridinium CompoundsSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedSubtraction TechniqueSwineVoltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)-4-(beta)(2-(di-n-butylamino)-6-naphthylvinyl)pyridinium betainePyridinium Compounds

Identifiers

PMID21536528
PMCPMC3182506

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.