ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2011
Genetic characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 in Mozambique: transcontinental lineages drive the HTLV-1 endemic.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- An overview of sequencing technology platforms applied to HTLV-1 studies: a systematic review.Archives of virology · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Pooled it
- Southern African Origin of HTLV-1 in Romania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Geographic distribution, clinical epidemiology and genetic diversity of the human oncogenic retrovirus HTLV-1 in Africa, the world's largest endemic area.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- HTLV in South America: Origins of a silent ancient human infection.Virus evolution · 2020Article
- Molecular epidemiology, genetic variability and evolution of HTLV-1 with special emphasis on African genotypes.Retrovirology · 2019Review
- Human T-lymphotropic virus 1aA circulation and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in an Amazon geographic area with lowest human development index (Marajó Island, Northern Brazil).BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Molecular epidemiology of endemic human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in a rural community in Guinea-Bissau.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2012Article
- Molecular characterization of Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in samples from blood donation candidates in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). It has been estimated that 10-20 million people are infected worldwide, but no successful treatment is available. Recently, the epidemiology of this virus was addressed in blood donors from Maputo, showing rates from 0.9 to 1.2%. However, the origin and impact of HTLV endemic in this population is unknown.
objectiveTo assess the HTLV-1 molecular epidemiology in Mozambique and to investigate their relationship with HTLV-1 lineages circulating worldwide.
methodsBlood donors and HIV patients were screened for HTLV antibodies by using enzyme immunoassay, followed by Western Blot. PCR and sequencing of HTLV-1 LTR region were applied and genetic HTLV-1 subtypes were assigned by the neighbor-joining method. The mean genetic distance of Mozambican HTLV-1 lineages among the genetic clusters were determined. Human mitochondrial (mt) DNA analysis was performed and individuals classified in mtDNA haplogroups.
resultsLTR HTLV-1 analysis demonstrated that all isolates belong to the Transcontinental subgroup of the Cosmopolitan subtype. Mozambican HTLV-1 sequences had a high inter-strain genetic distance, reflecting in three major clusters. One cluster is associated with the South Africa sequences, one is related with Middle East and India strains and the third is a specific Mozambican cluster. Interestingly, 83.3% of HIV/HTLV-1 co-infection was observed in the Mozambican cluster. The human mtDNA haplotypes revealed that all belong to the African macrohaplogroup L with frequencies representatives of the country.
conclusionsThe Mozambican HTLV-1 genetic diversity detected in this study reveals that although the strains belong to the most prevalent and worldwide distributed Transcontinental subgroup of the Cosmopolitan subtype, there is a high HTLV diversity that could be correlated with at least 3 different HTLV-1 introductions in the country. The significant rate of HTLV-1a/HIV-1C co-infection, particularly in the Mozambican cluster, has important implications for the controls programs of both viruses.
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