Trial reportEndocrine2011
Glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 diabetes from Poland. The impact of pregnancy planning and a comparison with type 1 diabetes subjects.
Trial report in Endocrine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of modifiable preconception, pregnancy and postpartum factors with health outcomes for women with type 2 diabetes and their children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co-supplementation on parameters of glucose homeostasis and lipid profiles in patients with gestational diabetes.Lipids in health and disease · 2018Trial
- Body Weight-Related Parameters in Pregnancies Complicated by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Maternal and Perinatal Outcome Mapping.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Pregnancy Outcomes in Young Women With Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Followed in the TODAY Study.Diabetes care · 2021Article
- Glycaemic Variability and Risk Factors of Pregnant Women with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Glycemic Control in Pregnancies Complicated by Pre-Existing Diabetes Mellitus and Congenital Malformations: A Danish Population-Based Study.Clinical epidemiology · 2021Article
- Contraceptive Use Among Women with Prediabetes and Diabetes in a US National Sample.Journal of midwifery & women's health · 2019Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes Diagnosis and Glycemic Control Among Women of Reproductive Age.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2018Article
- Obstetric and offspring risks of women's morbid conditions linked to prior anticancer treatments.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2016Review
- Perinatal outcomes in type 2 diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2014Review
- Predictors for pregnancy outcomes in Romanian women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a prospective study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2014Article
- Postpregnancy glycemic control and weight changes in type 1 diabetic women.Diabetes care · 2013Article
- Glycemic variability in gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with β cell function.Endocrine · 2013Article
- Metformin and human uterine contractility.Endocrine · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The number of pregnancies complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing; however, their clinical characteristics remain incomplete. We aimed to assess clinical characteristics, glycemic control, and selected pregnancy outcomes in pregestational T2DM from Poland and to compare them with those of T1DM. We analyzed 415 consecutive singleton pregnancies; among them, there were 70 women with T2DM and 345 with T1DM. As compared to T1DM patients, women with T2DM were older (mean age 33.1 years vs. 27.8, respectively), heavier before pregnancy (mean BMI 30.8 kg/m² vs. 23.9), and had a shorter duration of diabetes (mean 3.3 years vs. 11.4); ( P<0.0001 for all comparisons). The gestational age at the first visit was higher in T2DM (mean 11.4 weeks vs. 8.6; P=0.0004). Nevertheless, they had better glycemic control in the first trimester (mean HbA1c 6.2% vs. 7.0; P=0.003); in subsequent months, the differences in HbA1c were no longer significant. T2DM women gained less weight during pregnancy (mean 9.9 kgs vs. 14.1; P<0.0001). The proportion of miscarriages (10.0 vs. 7.3%; P=0.32), preterm deliveries (12.7 vs. 17.8%; P=0.32), combined infant deaths, and congenital malformations were similar in both groups (9.5 vs. 8.8%; P=0.4) as was the frequency of caesarean sections (58.7 vs. 64.1%; P=0.30). Macrosomic babies were more than twice less frequent in T2DM and the difference reached borderline significance (7.9 vs. 17.5%, P=0.07). Pregnancy planning in T2DM had a significant impact on HbA1c in the first trimester (5.7 vs. 6.4% in the planning vs. the not planning group, P=0.02); the difference was not significant in the second and third trimester. T2DM women had better glycemic control in the first trimester than T1DM subjects and gained less weight during pregnancy. This could have been the reason for the slightly lower number of macrosomic babies but did not affect other outcomes. In T2DM, pregnancy planning had a beneficial glycemic effect in the first trimester.
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