ArticleCancer research2011
Enhancement of cancer vaccine therapy by systemic delivery of a tumor-targeting Salmonella-based STAT3 shRNA suppresses the growth of established melanoma tumors.
Article in Cancer research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Targeting Triple NK Cell Suppression Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review of Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Salmonella-based therapeutic strategies: improving tumor microenvironment and bringing new hope for cancer immunotherapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- Bactofection, Bacterial-Mediated Vaccination, and Cancer Therapy: Current Applications and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Enhanced bacterial cancer therapy delivering therapeutic RNA interference of c-Myc.Cell & bioscience · 2024Article
- Review
- Development of a TNF-α-mediated Trojan Horse for bacteria-based cancer therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2022Article
- Intratumor microbiome in cancer progression: current developments, challenges and future trends.Biomarker research · 2022Review
- Article
- AttenuatedVaccines · 2020Article
- Nucleic Acid Immunotherapeutics for Cancer.ACS applied bio materials · 2020Article
- Bacteria-cancer interactions: bacteria-based cancer therapy.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2019Review
- Cancer Immunotherapy: Silencing Intracellular Negative Immune Regulators of Dendritic Cells.Cancers · 2019Review
- Review
- Co-Expression of a Chimeric Protease Inhibitor Secreted by a Tumor-TargetedJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2018Article
- Tumour-targeting bacteria engineered to fight cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2018Review
- STAT3-blocked whole-cell hepatoma vaccine induces cellular and humoral immune response against HCC.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2017Article
- STAT3 activation in infection and infection-associated cancer.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2017Review
- Intracellular delivery of biologic therapeutics by bacterial secretion systems.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2017Review
- Role of poly(ε-caprolactone) lipid-core nanocapsules on melanoma-neutrophil crosstalk.International journal of nanomedicine · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer vaccine therapies have only achieved limited success when focusing on effector immunity with the goal of eliciting robust tumor-specific T-cell responses. More recently, there is an emerging understanding that effective immunity can only be achieved by coordinate disruption of tumor-derived immunosuppression. Toward that goal, we have developed a potent Salmonella-based vaccine expressing codon-optimized survivin (CO-SVN), referred to as 3342Max. When used alone as a therapeutic vaccine, 3342Max can attenuate growth of aggressive murine melanomas overexpressing SVN. However, under more immunosuppressive conditions, such as those associated with larger tumor volumes, we found that the vaccine was ineffective. Vaccine efficacy could be rescued if tumor-bearing mice were treated initially with Salmonella encoding a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the tolerogenic molecule STAT3 (YS1646-shSTAT3). In vaccinated mice, silencing STAT3 increased the proliferation and granzyme B levels of intratumoral CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. The combined strategy also increased apoptosis in tumors of treated mice, enhancing tumor-specific killing of tumor targets. Interestingly, mice treated with YS1646-shSTAT3 or 3342Max alone were similarly unsuccessful in rejecting established tumors, whereas the combined regimen was highly potent. Our findings establish that a combined strategy of silencing immunosuppressive molecules followed by vaccination can act synergistically to attenuate tumor growth, and they offer a novel translational direction to improve tumor immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.